Whether it is a hybrid vehicle, a pure electric vehicle or a fuel cell vehicle, the core is inseparable from the word "battery". The battery replaces the engine of the fuel vehicle, so the durability of the battery is what we are most concerned about when buying new energy vehicles. Durability includes two points, the first is the battery's cruising range, and the second is the battery's reliability and how long it can be used safely.
Changing batteries may be more expensive than buying a car.
Recently, CCTV exposed an article about replacing the battery of electric vehicles. A consumer bought a pure electric car at a price of 60,000 yuan. Because the battery is eroded by water, it costs nearly 70 thousand yuan to change a battery. Therefore, many car owners will have an uncertain mentality when buying new energy vehicles, hoping that there will be no battery failure in the car.
Why are batteries "expensive"
As mentioned above, the battery of a new energy vehicle is equivalent to the engine of a fuel vehicle. "Battery" is the soul of new energy vehicles, and it should be called "power battery" accurately. The function of the power battery is to cooperate with the hybrid control system to provide power for the motor, and at the same time to store electricity through the generator. The technical content of power batteries is not lower than that of engines, so it is particularly difficult to develop them. Materials such as cobalt, electrolyte and lithium ferrous phosphate are very expensive. Although the price of raw materials for manufacturing power batteries has fluctuated in recent years due to the development of new energy vehicles, there is still a shortage of supply and the price remains high.
Battery warranty problem
For a pure electric vehicle, the cost of battery accounts for about 35-55%. If the battery is broken, the cost of replacement is very high, generally ranging from 4- 1.7 million yuan. Many people will confuse "vehicle warranty" with "battery warranty", which are completely different. Some vehicles can achieve unlimited years and unlimited mileage, but the "battery warranty" may only be 6-8 years or 65,438+00-65,438+05,000 kilometers. Fortunately, major car companies are also constantly extending the warranty period.
Which battery is more reliable, and the classification of batteries.
Power batteries carried by automobiles are mainly divided into nickel-hydrogen batteries, ternary lithium batteries and fuel cells. As for the more reliable, from the market share and actual use of the three, Ni-MH battery will be relatively reliable. At present, the mainstream plug-in hybrid electric vehicles and pure electric vehicles mostly use lithium batteries, which are divided into ternary lithium batteries, high-nickel ternary lithium batteries and lithium iron phosphate batteries. The voltage of lithium battery will be higher than that of Ni-MH battery, and it is easy to combine into blocks to form a large-capacity battery pack. Relatively speaking, its reliability is not as high as that of Ni-MH battery, and the risk probability of battery replacement will increase, which is technically difficult.
Whose battery do major car companies like to use?
At present, most car companies will give priority to domestic power batteries, even first-tier brands such as Mercedes-Benz, BMW and Toyota. The power batteries they carry mainly come from BYD, Yuan Keli, Waterma and Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd.. In terms of sales volume, in 20 17, "Contemporary Ampere Technology Co., Ltd." won the global power battery sales champion, "BYD" ranked third, followed by "Waterma", and its R&D capability and manufacturing level were in the forefront of the world. Some domestic car companies will also establish joint ventures with battery manufacturers to reduce the manufacturing cost of power batteries and increase the supply of batteries.
New energy vehicles have become the general trend of the automobile industry, and there will be more and more topics about "replacing batteries with new energy vehicles", but the future will be the world of new energy vehicles after all. Of course, there are still many problems with new energy vehicles. The battery cruising range needs to be improved, and the supporting facilities such as charging piles are still not perfect. But I believe that with the development and improvement of technical level, these problems will be solved in the future. Let's wait and see!