State-owned enterprises refer to wholly state-owned enterprises, wholly state-owned companies and state-owned capital holding companies that the State Council and local people's governments perform the responsibilities of investors on behalf of the country respectively, including enterprises at the same level and enterprises formed by investment step by step under the supervision of central and local state-owned assets supervision and administration institutions and other departments.
As a form of production and operation organization, state-owned enterprises have both commercial and public welfare characteristics. Their commerciality is reflected in the pursuit of maintaining and increasing the value of state-owned assets, and public welfare is reflected in the fact that state-owned enterprises are usually established to achieve the goal of national economic regulation and play a role in coordinating the development of all aspects of the national economy.
The nature of state-owned enterprises is the nature of enterprises owned by the whole people. The so-called enterprises owned by the whole people are essentially enterprises whose means of production are owned by the whole people. The nature of enterprises owned by the whole people means that the means of production are owned by the whole people. Therefore, the nature of the so-called state-owned enterprises is essentially the nature that the means of production belong to all people and all enterprises.
Ownership by the whole people is the main concrete manifestation of socialist relations of production. When China implements the planned economy, enterprises owned by the whole people are embodied in the concrete realization form of state ownership. The concrete realization form of state ownership is to enable workers to obtain the status of owners of means of production through the economic union of the whole society.
Therefore, at this time, the state-owned enterprises in China are state-invested economic organizations engaged in the production and business activities of products (commodities). In essence, it is an economic combination of laborers who live by labor and the means of production owned by the whole people. Under the condition of ownership by the whole people, the workers of all the people in our country have equal status in the means of production; On the other hand, it is the professional undertaker of different production functions determined by social division of labor.
Enterprises owned by the whole people are the economic ties between media workers and the means of production owned by the whole people. The dual identity of the broad masses of workers is realized through the combination of this economic organization. Therefore, the state-owned enterprises in China are essentially concrete forms of ownership by the whole people.
The relations of production owned by the whole people are realized through the combination of laborers and the means of production owned by the whole people.