What's the difference between a company, a self-employed, a branch, a subsidiary and a limited company?

Many small partners are not clear about the concepts of company, self-employed, branch, subsidiary and limited company. The following small series will tell you about the differences between companies, self-employed, branches, subsidiaries and limited companies. Enterprises and companies in the industrial and commercial registration, some organizational forms belong to enterprises, but not to companies. The opposite of enterprise is "organization", and the difference between them is that enterprises (including companies) are for profit. Enterprises include not only companies, but also partnerships, wholly-owned enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises, but not self-employed. The difference between self-employed, sole proprietorship and one-person limited liability company A sole proprietorship, referred to as a sole proprietorship, is a business entity established in China in accordance with the Law on Sole proprietorship and invested by a natural person. All assets are owned by the investor, and the investor shall bear unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with his personal (or family) property. A sole proprietorship enterprise does not have legal person status. Individual industrial and commercial households, referred to as self-employed, refer to an economic form in which the means of production are privately owned, mainly individual labor, and the labor income is controlled by the individual workers themselves. Individual industrial and commercial households have three organizational forms: individual business, family business and individual partnership business. Because individual industrial and commercial households bear unlimited liability for debts, individual industrial and commercial households do not have legal personality. One-man company refers to a company or limited liability company with only one natural person shareholder among the legal person shareholders, and all the shares or capital contributions of the company belong to one shareholder. In the case of one-man company, if shareholders can prove that their property is independent of the company's property, they can bear limited liability for the company's debts. Individual industrial and commercial households, sole proprietorship enterprises and one-person limited liability companies are three different legal forms for individual investment. The following three legal forms are compared from several aspects. What is the difference between self-employed, sole proprietorship and one-person limited liability company? First of all, the legal status is different. According to Chinese laws, the subjects of civil legal relations can be divided into natural persons and legal persons. Individual industrial and commercial households do not have legal personality. Citizens engaged in industrial and commercial operations within the scope permitted by law are individual industrial and commercial households. A sole proprietorship enterprise is an enterprise legal person established in China according to law, which is invested by a natural person, and its property belongs to the investor, who assumes unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with his personal property. A sole proprietorship enterprise does not have legal person status. One-person limited liability company refers to a limited liability company with only one natural person shareholder or one corporate shareholders, and it is an economic entity with full legal personality. Second, investors are different. Individual industrial and commercial households can be established by a natural person or family; The investor of a sole proprietorship enterprise is a natural person; A one-person limited liability company is established by a natural person or corporate shareholders. Then, the scope of the property that bears the responsibility is different. Individual industrial and commercial households: assume unlimited liability for repayment of debts, that is, assume responsibility with all their property, not limited to the property put into operation. Is a personal business, with personal property; It is a family business and is borne by the family property. Sole proprietorship enterprise: Under normal circumstances, the investors of sole proprietorship enterprise only bear unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with their personal property. Only when the enterprise is established and registered, it is clear that family property is used as personal contribution, so that family property can bear unlimited liability for enterprise debts according to law. One-person limited liability company: According to the company law, the shareholders of a one-person limited liability company are limited to their capital contribution. Then, the applicable laws are different. A sole proprietorship enterprise shall be established in accordance with the Law on Sole proprietorship enterprises, and individual industrial and commercial households shall be established in accordance with the provisions of the General Principles of the Civil Law. A one-person limited liability company is established according to the Company Law and is subject to its adjustment. Finally, tax management is different. First of all, from the perspective of tax management, the tax management of individual industrial and commercial households and sole proprietorship enterprises is relatively loose, while the requirements for one-person limited liability companies are much stricter. Secondly, the income tax involved is different. Individual industrial and commercial households or sole proprietorship enterprises only need to pay personal income tax, and do not need to pay enterprise income tax; However, a one-person limited liability company must pay enterprise income tax and personal income tax when distributing profits to shareholders. From this perspective, individual industrial and commercial households and sole proprietorship enterprises have more advantages than "one-man company". When the head office and branch offices talk about the company, they often mention it. What do you mean? What is the difference? The head office is actually a company, so it is called "head office" because there are branches, but the branches have no independent legal person status, and everything is wrong with the head office. Parent company, subsidiary company, but parent company and subsidiary company are different from head office and branch company. Both the parent company and the subsidiary company enjoy the status of independent legal persons, both of which are companies, but the parent company is the investor (or controlling shareholder) of the subsidiary company, and there is an investment relationship between them. In group companies, the concepts of parent company and subsidiary company are used more. Legal persons and natural persons have mentioned "legal persons" many times before. What do they mean? Legal person is not a person in the sense of natural person, but a personification view of companies, enterprises and other organizations. The "legal person" we often talk about here is actually the "legal representative" who wants to make a difference. The legal representative is a "natural person", usually held by the chairman or general manager of the company, but in fact, the "legal representative" does not necessarily work in the company, nor is it necessarily a shareholder of the company. Companies, enterprises and institutions are all legal persons, while self-employed individuals and branches are not legal persons. Co., Ltd. The company we often say actually refers to a "limited liability company", which is referred to as a "limited company" for short. The word "responsibility" is often omitted. No wonder so many companies have no social responsibility and left a mess. However, there is also a limited company called "Limited by Share". What's the difference between them? As far as company law is concerned, there are still many differences between the two, but one general direction is that limited companies are suitable for small and medium-sized companies, and joint stock limited companies are usually relatively large (they can issue shares to the public). A one-person limited liability company and a sole proprietorship enterprise can only have 1 shareholders for a limited liability company, which is a one-person limited liability company. Confused with one-person limited liability company, there is another organizational form called "sole proprietorship enterprise". The investor of a one-person limited liability company can be a natural person or a legal person (that is, other companies). The investor of a sole proprietorship enterprise can only be a natural person. The name of a one-person limited liability company should have the word "limited company", while the name of a sole proprietorship enterprise cannot have the word "company" because it is not a company, but an enterprise. Although a sole proprietorship enterprise is an "enterprise", compared with a "one-person limited liability company", a sole proprietorship enterprise has many similarities with individual industrial and commercial households, but a self-employed person is not even an "enterprise". The children of a domestic company and a foreign company both went to a foreign company. It seems like a cow. In fact, foreign companies and domestic companies are relatively different, but the identity of investors is different. In fact, a foreign-funded company is a general concept, which can be divided into Chinese-foreign joint ventures, Chinese-foreign cooperative enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises and foreign-funded partnerships. A partnership enterprise is an organization in which all partners enter into a partnership agreement, * * * jointly contribute capital, operate in partnership, * * * enjoy profits and * * * take risks. It is also for profit, but it does not have the qualification of "legal person". The advantage of partnership lies in "flexibility", and a "partnership agreement" can stipulate many "rules" Different from registering a "company", the Company Law has many restrictions. The most important thing is that a partnership can avoid taxes if it is well run. If you want to set up a "partnership", you need to know its type first. Common ones are "general partnership" and "limited partnership". "General partnership" assumes unlimited liability; There are two kinds of partners in a limited partnership: general partners and limited partners. The general partner shall bear unlimited liability and the limited partner shall bear limited liability.