The core technology of hybrid electric vehicle lies in energy conversion system, pure battery vehicle is the future development direction, and the core technology is facing the breakthrough of battery technology. At present, Ni-MH batteries are mainly used in hybrid electric vehicles. Because some technical properties of Ni-MH battery are close to the theoretical limit, such as energy density and charge-discharge speed, it may be replaced by new material batteries.
Lithium battery is expected to replace Ni-MH battery in the future. Lithium battery has the advantages of high energy density, large capacity and no memory, which has been unanimously recognized by automobile manufacturers and battery manufacturers. At present, the problems to be solved are its stability, safety and production cost. If the stability, safety and production cost of lithium battery technology are solved, the development of pure power battery vehicles will be accelerated.
Lithium batteries are mainly divided into lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate and lithium ferrous phosphate. However, lithium cobalt oxide and lithium manganese oxide are generally used in small batteries, because they will explode under impact conditions, with poor safety and heavy metals will also cause pollution.
In the future, power lithium batteries for electric bicycles and hybrid electric vehicles will be the development direction. At present, the technical problem is not big, mainly because the cost is relatively high. With the new energy revolution and the improvement of environmental protection requirements, lithium battery will become more and more feasible as a power battery, and its demand for lithium-ion battery electrolyte will be dozens or even hundreds of times that of digital products. Once the power lithium battery is popularized, the demand for lithium-ion battery electrolyte will increase several times or even dozens of times.
Judging from the policy support and technological development at home and abroad, lithium batteries have broad prospects and are expected to become one of the representatives of the new technological revolution.
The demand for raw materials for lithium batteries will surge.
The raw material of lithium battery is mainly lithium carbonate, the main intermediate product is lithium electrolyte, and the anode and cathode materials of lithium battery.
Let's try to roughly estimate the market demand for lithium carbonate. The lithium content in LiFePO4 is about 4.4%, and that in Li2C03 is 18.9%. Based on this, it is estimated that the lithium carbonate required to produce one ton of lithium ferrous phosphate is 0.23 tons, and the loss in actual production is 0.3 tons.
Assuming that each new power vehicle needs 100Kg lithium ferrous phosphate cathode material, the required lithium carbonate is about 0.03 tons. Please read the rating instructions and important statements on the last page.
Since 2009, 65,438+0% of passenger cars in the world have used lithium iron phosphate batteries, and the number has increased by 65,438+0% year by year.
Passenger cars may take the lead in adopting new power. Based on its global production and sales scale of about 50 million vehicles in 2007, it is estimated that the annual demand for new lithium carbonate will reach tens of thousands of tons.
In addition to the automotive sector, if new lithium battery is successful, we can also predict that the demand for lithium and lithium salts in electric bicycles, mobile phones, notebooks and other fields will increase significantly.
Among the global lithium carbonate producers, domestic listed companies include citic guoan and Tibet mining, of which citic guoan has a designed capacity of 25,000 tons and an output of 2,000 tons in 2007. The designed mining capacity of Tibet is 2,000 tons, and the output in 2007 is 1.2 tons.
At present, the global supply and demand of lithium carbonate are basically balanced. If the demand for new power batteries leaps and bounds, the balance between supply and demand of lithium carbonate will be completely broken. The rapid expansion of market scale will bring revolutionary changes to the existing lithium carbonate production enterprises.
Lithium related listed companies
Facing the unexpected market prospect, the relevant listed companies will undoubtedly face huge investment opportunities.
Among them, the main listed companies with battery business are: citic guoan, Jiangsu Guotai, Tibet Mining, Shanshan, China Security, Fosu, Feng Fan, Yuan Keli, Desai and TCl Group.
These include:
Feng Fan Co., Ltd.: the designated production unit of lead-acid batteries for military vehicles, with an annual production capacity of 3.5 million kva; Committed to the development of lithium batteries and solar cells.
Yuan Keli: The company produces nickel foam and nickel series batteries, and the Ni-MH power battery project is under active research and development.
Desai: The company is a major supplier of mobile phone batteries at home and abroad.
TCl Group: Its subsidiary produces lithium batteries.
Citic guoan, Jiangsu Guotai, Tibet Mining, Shanshan Co., Ltd., china baoan and Fosu are the main products related to the core technology of lithium batteries, which are mainly introduced below.
Tibet mining industry: layout upstream, waiting for the arrival of lithium battery revolution
The content of lithium carbonate in Zabuye Salt Lake, which belongs to the company, is conservatively estimated to be 2 million tons, and the company has the right to exploit it for 20 years. At present, the actual capacity of lithium carbonate in Zabuye Lithium Industry exceeds 2,000 tons/year, and the expected output this year exceeds 1.500 tons. It is estimated that the investment will be 70-80 million yuan, which is expected to reach the design capacity of 5000 tons/year in the first phase.
Lithium carbonate and Nimu copper mine are the key projects of the company in the future, and the lack of construction funds is the weakness, but we always believe that good projects do not worry about money. 700 million yuan can increase the company's lithium carbonate production capacity to 30,000 tons/year within 2-3 years, ranking the top three in the world. 300 million yuan can make the production capacity of Nimu Copper Mine reach 5000-8000 tons/year.
The prospect of lithium industry is bright, and the company's resource value needs to be further explored. Once the power lithium battery is widely used, Tibet mining industry is expected to become one of the biggest beneficiaries.
Jiangsu Guotai: Lithium battery electrolyte shines brilliantly
The company's chemical products mainly include lithium-ion battery electrolyte and silane coupling agent, which are produced by Huarong Chemical, a holding subsidiary, with a current production capacity of about 2,000 tons/year. Huarong Company began to produce lithium battery electrolyte in 2002. After years of development and continuous technological progress, nearly 1,000 types of middle and high-grade products have been formed, which have been recognized by many large foreign companies. 30% of the products are exported. By continuously improving product performance and developing new products, the gross profit margin of products has been maintained at a high level. With the completion and commissioning of new production capacity, the performance will be greatly improved.
Lithium battery electrolyte is mainly used in mobile phones, digital cameras, notebook computers and other electronic products and miner's lamps, accounting for about 90% of all lithium ions. The demand for electronic products and lithium batteries for miner's lamps will maintain a steady growth of 10% per year.
Huarong Chemical, Ube of Japan and Samsung of South Korea are the top three companies in the world in terms of lithium battery electrolyte production capacity. In 2009, Huarong Chemical's lithium battery electrolyte production capacity reached 5000 tons/year, making it the largest manufacturer in the world.
Jiangsu Guotai is an excellent enterprise with excellent management and strategic vision. Its foreign trade business is developing steadily in the current severe market environment; Its lithium battery industry has a good market prospect and rapid growth in performance. In the future, its lithium electrolyte will shine brightly.
Shanshan co., ltd.: the extraordinary development of lithium battery upstart
Shanghai Shanshan Technology, a holding subsidiary of the company, has a capacity of 65,438+0,200 tons of mesophase carbon microspheres (CMS) as cathode materials for lithium batteries. CMS project is a national "863" high-tech research and development plan project and is listed as a national high-tech industry demonstration project. In recent years, the company's lithium-ion battery material industry continues to show a rapid development trend, among which new anode products MGS and FSN- 1 have achieved good sales performance after being put on the market on a large scale. At present, the sales volume and sales volume of Dongguan Shanshan electrolyte have ranked second in the country. In terms of anode materials for lithium-ion batteries, technology and market share are in a leading position in China; The sales revenue of cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries came from behind, becoming the largest supplier of cathode materials in China and the top three in the world.
The semi-annual report shows that the company's sales revenue of lithium-ion battery materials has reached 990 million yuan, accounting for 40% of the company's total revenue, which is extremely amazing. With the advent of the new energy technology revolution, the company's lithium-ion battery material, as a substitute for new energy, will also develop supernormally, and its "Qian Jing" is immeasurable.
Citic guoan: The upstream and downstream integration of lithium batteries has great potential for development.
After years of cultivation, citic guoan (000839 shares, market information, main business) has vigorously developed the comprehensive project of Qinghai Salt Lake resources. The total reserve of lithium chloride resources is 7,638,500 tons, and the lithium chloride content is generally between 2.2 and 3.89 g/L. The internal and external conditions for the development of the deposit are good. Citic guoan invested in a 20,000-ton lithium carbonate project. In terms of lithium carbonate, following the successful production of the 10,000-ton production line at the beginning of the year, Qinghai Guoan focused on equipment testing and technical transformation of spray drying workshops, hydrochloric acid workshops and other related facilities, and gradually increased production capacity while debugging.
Citic guoan Mongolia Li (hereinafter referred to as MGL) is a 90% subsidiary of citic guoan Co., Ltd. MGL was established in April 2000, mainly engaged in the research, development, production and sales of key materials for lithium-ion secondary batteries and high energy density power lithium-ion secondary batteries. MGL is the largest manufacturer of lithium cobaltate and lithium manganate as cathode materials for lithium batteries in China, and the only one at home and abroad that produces power lithium-ion secondary batteries on a large scale.
The company's power battery was determined by BOCOG as the exclusive supply product of pure electric buses for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. The new products of lithium cobaltate developed by the company have a good sales momentum, and the market share remains relatively stable. Lithium manganate, the cathode material of power battery, has also made great achievements in market application. During the reporting period, Mongolia Li Company achieved an operating income of 65.438+99 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 49.62%.
The government's policy of promoting and encouraging the development and utilization of new energy will not change. The listed companies related to power batteries and other projects are full of bright development prospects.
China baoan: A single spark layout lithium battery.
At the beginning of this year, the leading products of Betray Company controlled by the company were jointly awarded the honorary title of "National Key New Products" by the Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Commerce, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine and the General Administration of Environmental Protection. During the reporting period, the company also won the honorary titles of "2007 Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Award (the most growing enterprise)" and "Shenzhen leading enterprise in independent innovation industry".
Tianjiao Technology Co., Ltd., in which the company shares, is a high-tech enterprise integrating the production and sales of R&D and cathode materials for lithium batteries. At present, the company's leading products are lithium-manganese-nickel-cobalt oxide battery cathode materials (ternary cathode materials). During the reporting period, the company's sales revenue and net profit doubled year-on-year. The expansion project of ternary materials with an annual output of 1000 tons was completed at the end of May 2008, and the trial production was successful in June.
The company's main business is real estate and medicine. In the first half of 2008, revenue accounted for more than 90%, and other income, including lithium batteries, accounted for less than 9%. At present, the lithium battery project has little contribution to the company, but the future layout can be concerned.
Fosun: Partner of BYD's "Iron Battery"
The company and BYD * * * jointly invested US$ 2,865,438+RMB 0,000 to form a joint venture company, and established Foshan Hui Jin Hi-Tech Optoelectronic Materials Co., Ltd. to produce and operate ion dialysis microporous membranes for special batteries. Ion dialysis microporous membrane for special batteries has a good market prospect and rich profit space. Our company cooperates with the main users of this membrane product to invest in related industries, which is conducive to the optimization and adjustment of product structure.