How to look at the cost from the accounting statements? 1) income statement: the main business cost refers to the sales cost of products sold in the current period (accumulated this year).
2) Balance sheet: balance of finished products in the current period+1 number-opening balance = production cost of finished products in the current period.
What information can be seen in the accounting statements?
Financial structure and the rationality of debt management
The balance sheet owns or controls resources and financial strength.
Observe the solvency and financing ability of enterprises.
Forecast the future financial situation
Business performance
The income statement makes use of existing resources and improves profitability.
Future profitability
Pay off debts and investors' profits in cash.
Reasons for the difference between profit and operating cash
Cash flow statement financing, investment impact and non-impact cash receipts and payments
The ability to generate cash flow in the future
Estimate enterprise risk
Hello, regarding the small accounting statements in the new accounting statements,
Education surcharge, excluding local education surcharge.
The figures under "business taxes and surcharges" in the income statement are only filled with the listed taxes, and other unlisted ones are not filled. If several taxes are listed in one column, fill in their total.
Excuse me, how can we see from the accounting statements that there is something wrong with the operation of the enterprise? You can't just see these things from the financial statements.
You need to look at it in combination with the notes to the financial statements of the enterprise.
It is best to look directly at the accounts and vouchers of the enterprise.
This is the most direct and effective method.
There are six views on how to read accounting statements and financial statements.
Financial statements mainly reflect the changes in operating results and financial status of enterprises in a certain period of time. We can look at financial statements from six aspects to find problems or make judgments.
Look at the income statement
Compare whether the growth of this year's income and last year's income is within a reasonable range. Like the Yinguangxia incident, the income on the income statement this year has increased by several hundred percentage points compared with last year, which is not credible and the problem is very obvious. Those enterprises whose growth rate is between 50%- 100% should pay special attention.
Second, look at the bad debt reserves of enterprises.
Some enterprises sell their products and can't get their money back, but they don't mention it on the books and haven't extracted enough. Such income and profits are not true.
Third, see if long-term investment is normal.
Some enterprises will have some other investments besides their main business, depending on whether such investments are related to their main business. If not, then this kind of investment is very risky.
Fourth, see if other receivables are clear.
On the balance sheet of some enterprises, other receivables are in a mess, and many old accounts are put in it, and many can't be collected.
Fifth, see if there are related transactions.
We should pay special attention to the fact that major shareholders borrow money from listed companies in the middle of the year, and then use bank loans to pay back the money at the end of the year, so that the practice of major shareholders borrowing money cannot be reflected in the year-end statements.
Sixth, see whether the cash flow statement can normally reflect the flow of funds.
Pay attention to the reasons and matters of future cash injection and outflow.
Non-professionals can only look at the information, but you can find some financial evaluation indicators to fill in the above items, and you will know the situation of the enterprise after calculation. This can only be a reference.
How to Audit Accounting Statements Since the reform and opening up, China's economy has developed rapidly, but with the development of Liu Yu, the Party and * * * have higher and higher requirements for economic workers. We can't continue to operate extensively. Therefore, factory directors and managers must know how to operate and manage, and their characteristic is to be proficient in financial management. Even if you can't meet the requirements of mastering financial management, you should master the basic skills of reading and analyzing financial reports. By reading and analyzing financial reports, we can develop the problems existing in enterprises, improve the production and operation management of enterprises, promote the continuous progress of enterprises and create better economic benefits. As the director or manager of an enterprise, it is not in line with the requirements of the development of socialist market economy to pretend to be the financial problems and behaviors of the enterprise. They should at least be able to understand the balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement. The purpose of writing this book is to help factory directors and managers understand these accounting statements in easy-to-understand language, so as to improve their knowledge of financial management.