Where did the ship leave from?

Ships have experienced canoe and wooden boat times since prehistoric times. 1879 After the world's first steel ship came out, it began to be dominated by steel ships. The propulsion of ships has also developed from relying on manpower, animal power and wind power (that is, pole pulling, rowing, paddling, fiber pulling and sailing) to using machines to drive. 1807, Fulton, USA built the first steam engine ship "clermont" with a speed of about 8 km/h; 1839, Archimedes, the first steam engine ship with propeller propeller, came out, with a main engine power of 58.8 kilowatts. This kind of propeller has fully demonstrated its superiority, so it has been popularized rapidly. 1868, China's first steam engine warship "Huiji" with a load of 600 tons and a power of 288 kilowatts was successfully built. 1894, British Parsons used the reactive steam turbine he invented as the main engine, which was installed on the speedboat "Turbo Nia" and successfully tried on the Thames, with the speed exceeding 60 kilometers per hour. The speed of steam turbine and propeller in early steam turbine ships was the same. About 19 10 years later, gear deceleration, electric transmission deceleration and hydraulic transmission deceleration devices appeared. After that, all marine turbines began to adopt deceleration drive mode. 1902 to 1903 France built a diesel waterway ship. 1903, the Russian-made diesel ship "Vandal" was launched. In the mid-20th century, the diesel engine power plant became the main power plant of the transport ship. 1947, Britain first modified the gas turbine for aviation, and then installed it on the coastal speedboat "Gatelick" to replace the original gasoline engine. The main engine power is 1837 kW and the rotating speed is 3600 rpm. Propeller is driven by gear reducer and shafting. The unit weight of this device is only 2.08kg/kW, which is much lighter than other devices. In 1960s, large and medium-sized surface ships with combined power plant of gas turbine and steam turbine reappeared. In contemporary countries with strong naval forces, in large and medium-sized ships, except for high-power steam turbine power plants, gas turbine power plants are almost always used. In civil ships, gas turbines are rarely used because their efficiency is lower than that of diesel engines. The discovery and utilization of atomic energy has opened up a new way for ship power. 1954, the American-built nuclear submarine Nautilus was launched with power11025kW and speed of 33km. 1959, the former Soviet Union built the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Lenin" with a power of 32,340 kilowatts; In the same year, the American nuclear-powered merchant ship Savannah was launched with a power of 14700 kW. The existing nuclear power plants all adopt pressurized water reactor nuclear reactor steam turbine, which is mainly used for submarines and aircraft carriers, but it has not been developed on civil ships due to economic reasons. In 1970s and 1980s, in order to save energy, some countries absorbed the advantages of motorized sailboats and developed a kind of ship with engine as the main body and sail as the navigation aid. The electronic computer is used for joint control, and the "New Aide Pill" built in Japan is the representative of this kind of energy-saving ship. Ancient China was a pioneer in shipbuilding and navigation at that time. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were shipyards that could make warships. In the Han dynasty, ships with rudders could be made; During the Tang and Song Dynasties, both river boats and sea boats made remarkable progress, and waterproof partitions were invented. Zheng He's treasure ship, which made seven voyages to the West in the Ming Dynasty, was in the leading position in the world in terms of scale, performance and voyage range. The shipbuilding industry in modern China developed slowly. From 1865 to 1866, the Qing government successively established Jiangnan General Manufacturing Bureau and Fuzhou Shipping Bureau, and built warships such as Bao Min, Jianwei and Pinghai, and passenger and cargo ships such as Jiangxin and Jianghua along the Yangtze River. After the founding of New China, the shipbuilding industry has developed greatly. In 1950s, a number of coastal passenger and cargo ships, cargo ships and oil tankers were built. Since the 1960s, China's shipbuilding capacity has improved rapidly, and various types of ocean carriers, Yangtze River carriers, ocean oil exploration ships, ocean survey ships and military ships have been built successively, with the tonnage of large ocean ships reaching more than 300,000 deadweight tons. Except for a few special ships, China has been able to design and manufacture various military and civilian ships. China Ship History Liu Xiang's Book of the World: The ancients thought that fallen leaves were ships. People in China realized the principle of boats, because they saw fallen leaves floating on the water instead of sinking. This is similar to the principle of Luban's realization of chainsaw. Probably, people in China are naturally attracted by wood and always get endless inspiration from it. Before the ship was formed, the flooded things were generally floating tools such as trees, bamboo reeds, gourds and rafts. Rafts started with floating tools and were improved. It is a bit "unprecedented" to help the river first and then float the sea. Confucius said, "Tao cannot be done, but floats on the sea with a fork." Maybe his old man's house is a little adventurous in self-appreciation. "Collection of Arts and Literature" contains: In the West, boats were offered in Japan. Yue people are synonymous with wading in ancient Chinese. "Water travels on mountains, boats are cars, and horses are horses. If you go like the wind, it's hard to go. " It is conceivable that this ship will be a tribute to the king, and then the Vietnamese ship will be built better. Also, the ship will build all the way, cross the East China Sea, cross the Yellow Sea, cross the Bohai Sea, enter the Yellow River, go upstream and enter the Weihe River, and finally reach the capital city Zhoudu, and the practical performance and navigation skills of the ship are not bad. During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, great powers competed for hegemony, and shipbuilding and navigation developed rapidly. Yue Jueshu said: The capital moved from Huiji to Langya, and 2,800 sailors "cut pine and cypress". The coastal north is already magnificent. For Qin, Xu Fu and 3000 boys and girls, they went out to sea by boat to find the elixir of life. It is not difficult to imagine the size of this ship. With ships, the Maritime Silk Road started from Guhepu County around the middle of the Western Han Dynasty and can lead to India and Sri Lanka. It can be regarded as the first truly maritime international trade route in the world. During the Three Kingdoms period, in the second year of Wu Huanglong, Sun Quan "sent generals Wei Wen and Zhuge Zhi to float ten thousand people into the sea to seek Yizhou and Xiezhou", and Yizhou, now Taiwan Province Province and Xiezhou, was a Japanese archipelago. Wooden boats began to paddle by hand, and later they had sails and paddles. Paddle is evolved from long paddle, which is another tool for human power to propel the ship and also a tool for controlling the course of the ship. It is China's outstanding contribution to world shipbuilding and navigation technology. At the end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, the monk Fa Xian went west to seek abstinence, which lasted 14 years and was critically ill several times. Finally, at the age of 70, he sailed home alone, carrying a large number of Buddhist scriptures that later had a great influence on China. Later, the old man and Buddhabhadra, a Nepalese monk who came to China, translated these Buddhist scriptures together. Yang Di was overjoyed and recruited a large number of migrant workers for many times. He cut down wood in the south of the Yangtze River and built tens of thousands of dragon boats and various flower boats. The largest dragon boat * * * has four floors, 45 feet high and 200 feet long. On the upper floor, there are Daxiong Hall, Inner Hall and East-West Hall, and on the middle floor, there are 120 rooms, all of which are "decorated with Danfen, resplendent and beautifully carved". Later, the emperor, who spent as much time as his dragon boat, visited Jiangdu several times by boat, having fun in the meat forest of the wine pool day and night, and finally lost his country. In the Tang Dynasty, tenon wood technology and advanced technologies such as watertight cabin, yellow keel, wax anti-sway device, paint anti-corrosion technology and metal anchor were widely used in shipbuilding. At this time, the warships were named Louchuan, Meng Chong, Douchuan, Zouge, Haijuan and Yacht. The largest warship was "Hezhou", which took three years and "carried three thousand people, twice as many meters". Since the opening of the Maritime Silk Road in the Western Han Dynasty, the maritime exchanges between the Tang Dynasty and other countries have reached all-round prosperity, and Chang 'an has become an international metropolis. Ambassadors, students, monks and businessmen from overseas countries kept coming to China to learn China's advanced culture and political laws and regulations. Since then, China people have been called "Tang people" overseas. As the most powerful developed country in the world at that time, the Tang people opened many sea routes and reached Nanyang, West Asia and East Africa many times. Monks still went to Japan in the Tang Dynasty. The famous Jian Zhen traveled to Japan six times from 743 to 754 12 years, and finally reached the land of Japan with extraordinary faith and tenacious perseverance. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, due to the continuous expansion of overseas trade, the scale of maritime and inland transportation was far ahead of the previous generation. The shipbuilding industry is very developed, and Zhejiang, Fujian and Guangdong have become the centers for building seagoing ships. By the Song Dynasty, shipyards had been used for shipbuilding and ship repair, and the method of launching by slideway was created. Many ports have set up shipping companies to manage overseas trade, especially Mingzhou, Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Hangzhou, which were the most famous ports before the Qing Dynasty. In the Yuan Dynasty, China accumulated a reputation for hundreds of years and frequently attracted envoys from western countries. Missionaries, businessmen and travelers have come to China and Kyle? 6? 1 Polo stayed 17 years, which won the trust and reuse of Kublai Khan. 129 1 year, Kublai Khan ordered thirteen ships, each with four masts and twelve sails, and sent Kyle? 6? 1 Poirot set sail from Quanzhou to escort Princess Kokejin to Persia to get married. This is probably the beginning of the ancient East-a fairy tale full of porcelain and silk floating to the world. From the changes of China's shipbuilding market share in the world in recent ten years, we can see the development prospect of China's shipbuilding industry. The proportion of China shipbuilding industry in the global market has obviously increased, and China has become one of the important shipbuilding centers in the world. The industrial transfer trend of international manufacturing industry is the biggest opportunity for the development of China shipbuilding industry. During the 11th Five-Year Plan period, China's shipbuilding industry will pose a strong challenge to the leading position of South Korea and Japan. However, the backward design ability and the backward development of supporting industries will be the main bottlenecks restricting the development of the industry. In a short period of time, the prosperity of international and domestic water transport markets has provided a strong guarantee for the growth of the industry, and the continuous high operation of oil prices and the rising prices of raw materials such as steel constitute the main pressure for the operation of the industry. The trend of international industrial transfer has brought great opportunities to China enterprises. However, in the fierce market competition environment, how to avoid all kinds of risks and how to seize opportunities is very important for the development of enterprises. Unpredictable risks followed in 2008. In September, the American financial crisis spread around the world like a scourge, and the global financial crisis broke out in an all-round way. Due to the impact of the American financial crisis, small and medium-sized enterprises in China are facing bankruptcy, and the import and export of products, automobile industry and textile industry have been severely hit by the American financial crisis. As the pillar of "Made in China", China shipbuilding industry is also facing the severe winter of financial turmoil. Compared with developed countries, the localization rate of ship parts in China is less than 50%, and the development prospect is broad. At present, the localization rate of ship parts in developed countries has reached more than 90%. Although China has become the largest shipbuilding country in the world, the localization rate of ship parts in China is less than 50%. According to the development goals put forward in the Outline of the 11th Five-Year Plan for the Development of Ship Accessories Industry and the Plan for the Adjustment and Revitalization of Ship Industry, by 20 15, the loading rate of domestic ship equipment will reach more than 80%. From the perspective of ship supporting cost, China's ship supporting industry has a huge development space. In general, the cost of ship parts accounts for 30-40% of the total ship price. At present, China has become the largest shipbuilding country in the world, and the annual output value of ships is huge. Taking 2009 as an example, the total output value of ships above designated size in China has reached 548.4 billion yuan. According to the calculation that the cost of ship parts accounts for 35% of the total ship price, the output value of China's ship parts industry should be around191940.4 billion yuan.