According to the definition, a bank acceptance bill refers to a bill in which a depositor opens a deposit account in an acceptance bank, applies to the bank for acceptance, and with the consent of the bank, guarantees to unconditionally pay a certain amount to the payee or holder on the specified date.
The commercial bill acceptance issued by the drawer is the credit support given by the bank on the basis of confirming the drawer's credit.
A financial company is a financial institution approved by the China Banking Regulatory Commission and invested by a large enterprise group to provide financial services for the group. Generally defined as non-bank financial institutions. Under the control of CBRC, financial companies can also be regarded as internal banks of large groups. Kunlun Bank is an early financial company of China Petroleum.
According to the Measures for the Administration of Electronic Commerce Bill Business, electronic bank acceptance bills shall be accepted by banking financial institutions and financial companies (hereinafter referred to as financial institutions). Therefore, at the legal level, financial companies can carry out electronic bill acceptance business.
In practice, the e-commerce bill system also defines e-commerce bills accepted by finance companies as e-bank acceptance bills, which are called "financial bills" in the industry to distinguish them from e-bank acceptance bills accepted by banks (hereinafter referred to as "silver bills").
However, from the perspective of bill market acceptance, enterprises prefer to use silver tickets for payment and financing, especially those accepted by state-owned joint-stock banks, mainly because silver tickets have great advantages in discount financing difficulty and interest rate.
According to the characteristics of financial companies, financial companies can only provide services related to e-commerce bills for member companies, and handle their own e-commerce bill business in accordance with relevant regulations. Therefore, classifying bills accepted by financial companies as electronic bank acceptance bills not only truly reflects the credit status of bills, but also urges financial companies to make better use of commercial bills to serve group members.
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Acceptance bills are generally divided into three categories: bank acceptance bills, commercial acceptance bills and financial company acceptance bills.
There are a few paper acceptance bills, but it is recommended not to accept paper acceptance bills because many bill companies do not accept paper acceptance bills.
① Bank acceptance bill: a relatively safe acceptance bill with the bank as the guarantee and the acceptor at maturity as the bank. Bank acceptance bills have good liquidity. As long as there is no problem with banks, they can have good liquidity in the market. It can be discounted at bill companies and banks, or used to pay for goods and other business activities.
② Commercial acceptance bills: The liquidity of commercial acceptance bills is relatively poor. Except for a few commercial acceptance bills with good reputation, most commercial acceptance bills are not recognized by the market, because commercial acceptance bills cannot be accepted at maturity, or acceptance is delayed, or the risk of bankruptcy of enterprises is too great, and few people are willing to bear this risk.
③ Financial company acceptance bills: the liquidity of financial company acceptance bills is better than that of commercial acceptance bills. As financial companies are also supervised by the People's Bank of China, they are theoretically equivalent to bank acceptance bills issued by banks.