It is the profit declared to the tax bureau. This is generally lower than the real profit. In order to avoid corporate income tax, some income is not fully included in the income statement.
Another situation is that enterprises need to whitewash their performance for some purpose (such as loan and bidding) and artificially increase profits, so that the profits of such statements are lower than the actual profits.
What is the income statement?
The income statement is the income statement. The income statement is a statement that reflects the operating results of an enterprise in a certain accounting period. For example, the income statement reflecting the operating results from 65438+ 10/to 65438+February 3 1 is also called a dynamic statement because it reflects the situation in a certain period. Sometimes, the income statement is also called income statement and income statement. Dynamic statements refer to statements that reflect capital consumption and capital recovery in a certain period, such as income statement.
What's the difference between income statement and income statement?
It's also a watch, but it's called differently.
It used to be called income statement, but now it is called income statement.
What is the income statement?
This is a dynamic report. The income statement can provide readers with relevant information needed to make reasonable economic decisions, and can be used to analyze the reasons for profit increase and decrease, the operating costs of the company, and evaluate the investment value. According to the composition and distribution of profits, the items in the income statement are divided into two parts. In the profit part, the sales income is listed first, and then the sales cost is subtracted to get the sales profit; Earn operating profit (or loss) after deducting various expenses; After adding and subtracting non-operating income and expenses, it is the total profit (loss). In the profit distribution part, the income tax payable is deducted from the total profit to get the after-tax profit; Provident funds and profits payable drawn according to the distribution plan; If there is a balance, it is undistributed profit. If the profit distribution part in the income statement is listed separately, it is a "profit distribution table". The production process of income statement
At the end of the fiscal year, all accounts must be balanced. The balance of all accounts should be entered into the trial balance. Accountants need to make income statement and balance sheet according to the information in bookkeeping. In addition to these two financial statements, some companies also make cash flow statements and statements of changes in shareholders' equity. The company will first calculate the company's net sales and cost of goods sold, and then calculate the gross profit/loss after obtaining the quantity of these two items. You can calculate the net profit loss (net profit/loss) by subtracting the sum of income and expenditure. There are several important formulas: the calculation method of gross profit/loss: gross profit = net sales)-cost of goods sold = sales-sales returns and discounts. Cost of goods sold = initial inventory)+purchase quantity)-purchase return and discount)+freight (delivery/delivery fee). -Calculation method of net profit of ending inventory: net profit = total income-the important role of the income statement of all expenses.
The accounting information reflected in the income statement can be used to evaluate the operating efficiency and achievements of enterprises, evaluate the value and return of investment, and then measure the success of enterprises in management. Specifically, it has the following functions: 1. The income statement can be used as the basis for the distribution of operating results. The income statement reflects the operating income, operating costs, operating expenses, business taxes, expenses of each period and non-operating income and expenditure of the enterprise in a certain period, and finally calculates the comprehensive profit index. The data in the income statement directly affects the interests of many related groups, such as national taxes, managers' bonuses, employees' wages and other remuneration, and shareholders' dividends. It is precisely because of this role that the income statement once surpassed the balance sheet and became the most important financial statement. 2. The income statement can comprehensively reflect all aspects of production and business activities, which is helpful to assess the performance of enterprise managers. The management efficiency and benefit of enterprises in production, operation, investment, fund-raising and other activities can be comprehensively manifested from the increase and decrease of profit. By comparing the income, cost and profit with the production and operation plan of the enterprise, the completion of the production and operation plan can be assessed, and then the operating performance and efficiency of the enterprise management authorities can be evaluated every year. 3. The income statement can be used to analyze the profitability of an enterprise and predict its future cash flow. The income statement reveals the detailed information of operating profit, net investment income and net non-operating income and expenditure, which can be used to analyze and evaluate the profitability of enterprises.
What do the items in the income statement mean? Please give an example!
1, main business income, other business income and non-operating income:
First of all, the landlord put aside all accounting concepts and understood the word "zhe" literally;
Can "main business" and "other" be understood as a "light", a "big" and a "small" ...
2. Yes, it can also be understood in accounting. The income from main business and other business is the income division according to the different priorities of enterprise business in the accounting system, that is, D. The "main" (regular and specified in the business scope) income of an enterprise is included in the main business income, and the "secondary" income is included in other business income.
3. I remember Anrui Nima said a classic metaphor: ("When I was in college, my tutor told me that the difference between main business income, other business income and non-business income is just like that of farmers planting land, harvesting rice and selling it is" main business income "and selling straw is" other business income ". Digging "gold" in rice fields is "non-operating income" )
But it's hard to say what to include, because it depends on what your company does, such as:
1), Company A is a home appliance company, so selling home appliances is the main business income of Company A, while plug-ins, sockets and accessories are relatively other business income of your company, and when customers buy things or the company looks for gems to sell, they are all non-operating income;
2) If Company B is a clothing company, selling clothes is the main business income of Company B, and selling hangers and accessories is the other business income of your company;
3), if your company is a food factory, the above two items are not your main business income, selling food is your company's main business income, making food is the rest of the leftovers, and selling them to pig food such as "pig farms" is the company's other business income; One day, a group of "sparrows" fell from the sky to steal food, and the food was accidentally caught by the company and sold in the hotel. This is your company's non-operating income (incidentally, "non-operating expenses": if "sparrows" get angry when they are caught and go shopping with the company, all the company's windows are smashed, that is the company's "non-operating expenses")
~O(∩_∩)O~ haha (be careful to be caught selling birds, haha)
5. Operating expenses
Refers to the expenses incurred by enterprises in the daily business process of selling products and providing services, as well as the funds for setting up special sales organizations. Including: transportation fees, loading and unloading fees, packaging fees, insurance fees, advertising fees, exhibition fees, rental fees (excluding financial rental fees), as well as wages, welfare fees, office expenses, travel expenses, depreciation fees, repair fees, material consumption, amortization of low-value consumables, etc. Number of employees in a sales organization set up specifically for selling the company's goods.
6. Management fee
Management expenses refer to the expenses incurred by the administrative department of an enterprise for organizing and managing production and business activities. Management expenses belong to the period expenses and are included in the current profit and loss when incurred.
specific items
Trade union funds, staff education funds, business entertainment expenses, taxes, technology transfer fees, amortization of intangible assets, consulting fees, attorney fees, amortization of start-up expenses, company funds, management fees paid to superiors, labor insurance premiums, unemployment insurance premiums, board membership fees and other management fees.
Company funds
Salary, employee welfare, travel expenses, office expenses, board member fees, depreciation expenses, repair expenses, material consumption, amortization of low-value consumables and other company expenses;
Labor insurance premium
Refers to pensions, price subsidies, medical expenses (including retirees participating in medical insurance funds), resettlement fees, employee severance payments, employee death and funeral subsidies, pension fees, various funds paid to retired cadres according to regulations, and funds for social pooling; Unemployment insurance premium refers to the unemployment insurance fund paid by enterprises in accordance with state regulations;
7、
You can directly enter the corresponding subject search in Baidu Encyclopedia to learn about other subjects (or enter the following website directly); For example, if you enter the word "management fee" in Baidu, you can have a lot of relevant, relatively comprehensive and accurate information for reference.
8. Good luck!