Accounting of unit deposit business
1. Accounting for corporate demand deposit business
(1) Accounting of cash deposits
Debit: Cash on hand.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (for the company)-principal.
(2) Accounting treatment of cash withdrawal
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (of a company)-principal.
Credit: Cash on hand
(3) Accounting treatment of interest payment
Debit: Interest expense
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (for the company)-principal.
Second, the accounting of unit time deposit business
(1) Corporate time deposits.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (of a company)-principal.
Loan: absorption deposit-time deposit (for the company)-principal.
Salary: an important blank certificate-company time deposit certificate.
(2) Calculate and determine the interest expense on the balance sheet date.
Debit: Interest expense
Loan: interest payable
Borrowing or lending: absorption deposit-time deposit (for the company)-interest adjustment.
(3) Accounting treatment of withdrawal
Loan: absorption deposit-time deposit (for a company)-principal.
Interest expense/interest payable
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (for the company)-principal.
Income: an important blank certificate-company time deposit certificate.
Three, the accounting unit notice deposit.
(1) deposit
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (of a company)-principal.
Loan: absorption deposit-call deposit (for the company) (* days)-principal.
(2) Exit
Borrow: absorption deposit-call deposit (for a company) (* days)-principal.
interest expenses
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (for the company)-principal.
Personal deposit business accounting
I. Accounting for current savings deposit business
(1) Cash deposit (including renewal)
Debit: Cash on hand.
Loan: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
(2) Accounting treatment of cash withdrawal
Debit: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
Credit: Cash on hand
(3) cancel the account
Debit: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
interest expenses
Credit: Cash on hand
Other payables-withholding interest income tax
Two. Accounting for lump-sum and lump-sum time savings deposits
(1) Opening an account
Debit: Cash on hand.
Loan: absorption deposit-time deposit (lump sum deposit and withdrawal account)-principal.
Salary: An Important Blank Certificate —— Time Deposit Certificate
(2) Withdrawal in advance
Debit: absorption deposit-time deposit (lump sum deposit and withdrawal account)-principal.
interest expenses
Credit: Cash on hand
Other payables-withholding interest income tax
(3) cancel the account
Debit: absorption deposit-time deposit (lump sum deposit and withdrawal account)-principal.
Interest expense/interest payable
Credit: Cash on hand
Other payables-withholding interest income tax
Income: an important blank certificate-time deposit certificate
2. Accounting for loan business
Enterprise loan business accounting
I. Credit loan accounting
(1) Accounting for loan issuance
Borrowing: loan-short-term loan (unit loan)-principal.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (unit depositor)-principal.
(2) Accrued interest on the balance sheet date
Borrow: interest receivable
Loan: interest income
Loan or loan: loan interest adjustment
(3) Accounting treatment of recovering the due loan.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (unit depositor)-principal.
Loan: loan-short-term loan (unit loan)-principal.
Interest income/interest receivable
(4) loans overdue
Debit: overdue loan-overdue loan account of the company.
Loan: loan-short-term loan (unit loan)-principal.
Borrow: interest receivable
Loan: interest income
(5) Converting accrued loans into non-accrued loans.
Debit: the company has not accrued loans-overdue loan account.
Loan: overdue loan-overdue loan account of the company.
Borrow: interest income
Loan: interest receivable
Income: interest on outstanding loans
Second, the accounting of mortgage loans
(1) Loan issuance
Borrowing: loan-mortgage loan (unit loan)-principal.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (unit depositor)-principal.
Income: keep valuables on behalf of * * unit households.
(2) Loan repayment
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (unit depositor)-principal.
Loan: loan-mortgage loan (unit borrower)-principal.
Interest Income \ Interest Receivable
Hand over: keep valuables on behalf of * * unit households.
(3) Handling of loans that cannot be recovered due.
Borrow: an asset that pays off debts.
Loan loss reserve
Loan: loan-mortgage loan (unit household)-principal
interest receivable
Interest income
receivable other
Taxes payable
The difference debits "non-operating expenses" or credits "asset impairment loss"
Personal loan business accounting
I. Accounting for repayment of loan principal and interest by installments
(1) Opening an account
Borrow: loan-personal housing loan/personal housing decoration loan/personal automobile consumption loan/personal travel loan (account name)-principal.
Loan: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
Income: keep valuables on behalf of individuals.
(2) Deduction of normal loan principal and interest.
Debit: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
Loan: loan-personal housing loan/personal housing decoration loan/personal automobile consumption loan/personal travel loan (account name)-principal.
Interest income
(3) The loan shall be fully repaid at maturity.
Debit: absorption deposit-current savings deposit (account name)-principal.
Loan: loan-personal housing loan/personal housing decoration loan/personal automobile consumption loan/personal travel loan (account name)-principal.
Interest income
Second, the accounting of bill discount business
(a) the discount bank discount processing
Discount interest = discount amount × discount days × monthly discount rate /30
Discounted Amount Paid = Discounted Amount-Discounted Interest
Debit: Discounted assets-face value
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (discount applicant's account)
Discounted assets-interest adjustment
(2) When the discounted bill expires, the bank will recover the discounted bill.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (acceptor account)
Discounted assets-interest adjustment
Loans: Discounted assets-face value
Interest income
Accounting of loan loss reserve
(1) balance sheet date
Debit: Asset impairment loss
Loan: loan loss reserve
Debit: Loan impairment
Loan: loan principal
(two) for loans that are truly irrecoverable, write off the loans after approval.
Borrow: loan loss reserve
Loan: the loan is damaged.
Payment: Interest Receivable [Page]
3. Accounting for payment and settlement instruments
Bill accounting
I. Accounting of Transfer Cheques
(1) The holder's bank accepts the check.
Borrow: liquidate funds.
Credit: other payables
Debit: Other payables
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (holder's account)-principal.
(2) The drawer's bank accepts the cheque.
Debit: Other receivables.
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Borrow: liquidate funds.
Credit: other receivables
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (drawer's account)-principal.
Loan: non-operating income-fine settlement income households.
Second, the accounting of bank drafts
(1) issue
(1) Transfer delivery
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (applicant's account)-principal.
Loan: remittance
(2) Cash delivery
Debit: Cash on hand.
Loan: remittance
Payment: Blank Important Voucher-Bank Draft
(2) Settlement (bill has surplus funds)
Borrow: remit remittance
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Absorbed deposit-demand deposit (applicant's account)-principal
Three. Accounting of commercial paper
I. Accounting of Commercial Acceptance Bills
(1) The payer's bank receives the voucher and draft (agrees to pay).
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payer's account)-principal.
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
(2) The holder's bank receives the ticket or refund certificate.
Borrow: liquidate funds.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payee)-principal.
Second, the accounting of bank acceptance bills
(1) The accepting bank accepts the draft.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (acceptance applicant's account)-principal.
Loan: deposit-deposit of bank acceptance bill.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (drawer's account)-principal.
Loans: fee and commission income
Revenue: Withdrawal of bank acceptance bills.
(2) The accepting bank pays the bill when it is due.
(1) The drawer can pay the fare in full.
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (drawer's account)-principal.
Deposit-deposit of bank acceptance bill
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Payment: draw a bank acceptance bill.
(2) The funds in the drawer's account are insufficient.
Debit: account of overdue loan drawer
Deposit absorption-drawer's account
Deposit-deposit of bank acceptance bill
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Payment: draw a bank acceptance bill.
Fourth, the accounting of bank promissory notes
(1) issue
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (applicant's account)-principal.
Or cash on hand
Loan: issue promissory notes
Payment: an important blank voucher-cashier's check
(2) Payment
Borrow: liquidate funds.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (holder's account)-principal.
(3) Settlement
Borrow: issue promissory notes
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Bank card bookkeeping
I. Accounting for Cash Deposit and Withdrawal of Credit Cards (Issuer)
Debit: absorption deposit-credit card deposit (applicant's account)-principal.
Loans: settlement of capital transactions
Two. Off-site cash withdrawal (handling bank)
Borrow: liquidate funds.
Credit: Cash on hand
Fee and commission income
Accounting for other payment instruments
I. Accounting for receipts and commitments
Debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payer's account)-principal.
Loan: liquidation fund [page]d
4. Accounting of current business
Payment system
1. Accounting for bill exchange in the same city (settlement difference):
(A) the accounting treatment of balance payable carry-forward.
Debit: settlement fund-settlement of bills in the same city
Loan: deposited in the central bank.
(2) Accounting treatment of transfer of receivable balance line
Borrow: deposit money in the central bank.
Loan: clearing fund transaction-bill clearing in the same city
Business between commercial banks and central banks
First, the accounting of fiscal deposits.
(1) When it increases:
Borrow: deposit with the central bank-financial depositors.
Loan: deposited in the reserve account of the central bank.
(2) When decreasing:
Borrow: deposit in the reserve account of the central bank.
Loan: deposited with the central bank-financial depositors.
Second, rediscount.
(a) buyout and rediscount
(1) Commercial banks handle rediscount.
Borrow: deposit money in the central bank.
Discounted liabilities-interest adjustment
Loans: Discounted Liabilities-Par Value
(2) Interest expense calculated and determined on the balance sheet date
Debit: Interest expense
Loans: Discounted Liabilities-Interest Adjustment
(3) When the rediscount expires, PBOC will directly recover the funds from the payer.
Debit: Discounted liabilities-face value
interest expenses
Loans: Discounted assets-face value
Discounted liabilities-interest adjustment
(4) When the payer refuses to pay, the People's Bank of China will recover the funds from the discount commercial bank.
Debit: Discounted liabilities-face value
interest expenses
Loan: deposited in the central bank.
Discounted liabilities-interest adjustment
(2) Repurchase and rediscount
Commercial banks buy back bills from PBOC when rediscount expires.
Debit: Discounted liabilities-face value
interest expenses
Loan: deposited in the central bank.
Discounted liabilities-interest adjustment
Accounting treatment of interbank transactions in commercial banks
I. Cross-system remittance accounting in different places
(a) Remittance banks are located in a dual institution-first horizontally, then vertically.
Remittance bank debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payer's account)-principal.
Loans: interbank deposits
Remittance bank loans: interbank deposits
Loans: transactions within the jurisdiction
Remittance bank debit: transactions within the jurisdiction
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payee)-principal.
(two) the remittance bank is located in a single institution, and the remittance bank is located in a dual institution-first straight and then horizontal.
Remittance bank debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payer's account)-principal.
Loans: transactions within the jurisdiction
Remittance bank loans: transactions within the jurisdiction
Loans: interbank deposits
Remittance bank debit: deposit the same transaction.
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payee)-principal.
(3) The remitting bank and the collecting bank are located in different institutions-first straight, then horizontal and then straight.
Remittance bank debit: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payer's account)-principal.
Loans: transactions within the jurisdiction
Third land bank
Borrow: Inter-jurisdictional exchange
Loans: interbank deposits
Third-party remittance bank
Borrow: interbank deposits
Loans: transactions within the jurisdiction
Remittance bank debit: transactions within the jurisdiction
Loan: absorption deposit-demand deposit (payee)-principal.
Second, interbank lending.
(1) When borrowing money
(1) Dismantling mechanism
Borrow: borrow money.
Loan: deposited in the central bank.
(2) Dismantling mechanism
Borrow: deposit money in the central bank.
Loan: Borrow money.
(2) When returned
(1) Dismantling mechanism
Borrow: deposit money in the central bank.
Borrow: borrow money.
Interest Income-Inter-bank Income Household
(2) Dismantling mechanism
Borrow: borrow money.
Interest expense-inter-bank income account
Loan: deposited in the central bank [page]
5. Accounting for foreign exchange business
Foreign exchange transaction accounting
(1) Foreign exchange settlement business
Debit: XX account foreign currency
Loan: exchange money into foreign currency.
Borrow: Convert currency into local currency.
Credit: functional currency of XX account.
(2) selling foreign exchange.
Debit: functional currency of XX account.
Loan: exchange currency for local currency.
Borrow: convert money into foreign currency.
Credit: XX account foreign currency
(3) Arbitrage
1. Convert one currency into another.
The amount of money sold.
= amount of bought currency × foreign exchange price of bought currency ÷ foreign exchange price of sold currency.
Debit: related subject is a foreign currency.
Loan: currency exchange for foreign currency.
Borrow: Convert currency into local currency.
Loan: exchange currency for local currency.
Borrow: change money into b foreign currency.
Credit: Related Subject B Foreign Currency
2. Conversion between cash and cash in the same foreign currency.
Calculation formula for buying and selling foreign exchange bills:
Cash amount of selling currency = cash amount of buying currency × foreign exchange buying price/cash selling price.
Calculation formula of foreign exchange buying and selling cash:
Cash amount in selling currency = cash amount in buying currency × cash buying price/foreign exchange selling price