Architectural design refers to the design to meet certain architectural purposes (including people's requirements for its use function and visual experience), so that concrete materials can form a product that can become an aesthetic object under the conditions of technical and economic feasibility.
Buildings can be divided into productive buildings and unproductive buildings according to their nature of use. Productive buildings can be divided into industrial buildings and agricultural buildings. Unproductive buildings are collectively referred to as civil buildings. Civil buildings can be divided into residential buildings and public buildings.
Therefore, from the design object, architectural design can be divided into civil architectural design, industrial architectural design and agricultural architectural design. Civil architectural design is divided into residential architectural design and public architectural design. Residential architectural design includes commercial housing design and affordable housing design. Public building design includes commercial building design, medical building design, sports building design, educational building design and cultural building design.
From the content of architectural design, architectural design can be divided into architectural structure design, architectural physical design (architectural acoustic design, architectural optical design, architectural thermal design), architectural equipment design (architectural water supply and drainage design, architectural heating and ventilation air conditioning design, architectural electrical design) and so on.
There are many enterprises in the architectural design industry.
The Annual Development Research Report of Engineering Survey and Design Industry (20 18) shows that by the end of 20 17, there were 5089 architectural design enterprises in China. Influenced by the increasing concentration of downstream real estate development industry, the number of architectural design enterprises has decreased in recent years, and the industry concentration has increased accordingly. It is estimated that the number of architectural design enterprises will remain at about 5,000 in 20 18.
Note: Data of 20 18 have not been published. The data of 20 18 here are prospective measured data, and the final data are mainly published by authoritative organizations.
Three competitors: state-owned, private and foreign.
China is one of the most active areas in contemporary urban construction, and the architectural design market contains huge opportunities, attracting the participation of many domestic and foreign architectural design enterprises. After years of full competition, China's architectural design industry has gradually developed from homogeneous and disorderly competition to differentiated and characteristic competition, and basically formed a market competition pattern dominated by a few large state-owned design enterprises, outstanding private design enterprises and well-known foreign design enterprises, supplemented by a large number of small and medium-sized design enterprises.
From the perspective of competition, in the design market of high-end and large-scale construction projects, the competition among Chinese architectural design enterprises belongs to brand competition. Because the project is large and the profit is high, the tenderee comprehensively considers the past performance, qualification and goodwill of the architectural design enterprise to evaluate the bid, so the brand influence has a great influence on this kind of project.
In small and medium-sized and low-end construction projects, there are many design enterprises that can meet the bidding conditions of the owners. In order to obtain projects, some enterprises consider adopting the method of reducing prices to participate in the competition, which leads to price competition. Therefore, the design market competition of such construction projects is low, and it is still at the level of price competition.
—— The above data sources refer to the Analysis Report on Market Foresight and Investment Strategic Planning of Architectural Design Industry in China issued by Foresight Industry Research Institute.