Industrial policy is the sum of a series of policies that the state plans, intervenes and guides the industrial structure, industrial organization and industrial layout based on the requirements of economic development and the changing trend of industry in a certain period and the role of market mechanism. It is an important basis for adjusting industrial structure and macro-control to formulate correct industrial policies and clarify the key points of support and restriction in various fields of the national economy. Combined with the 11th Five-Year Plan of our province, this paper expounds the main contents and characteristics of our province's industrial policy. Key words: main contents and characteristics of Zhejiang's 11th Five-Year Plan According to our province's 11th Five-Year Plan, the main contents and characteristics of our province's industrial policy during the 11th Five-Year Plan period are: conforming to the development trend of clustering, informationization, internationalization and ecology, seizing the opportunity of the new round of global industrial structure adjustment, and taking improving the ability of independent innovation as the central link of industrial structure adjustment and economic growth mode transformation. Promote the transformation of industrial structure from "23 1" to "32 1", and embark on an interactive, complementary, intensive innovation, high-quality and efficient industrial development road, and become the pioneer area for China to take the new industrialization road. The relevant contents are as follows: 1. Accelerate industrial optimization and upgrading. First, promote industrial upgrading with independent innovation. Accelerating the adjustment of industrial structure is the only way to realize the transformation of economic growth mode and improve international competitiveness. In accordance with the general requirements of "excellent agriculture, strong industry and prosperous tertiary industry", we will promote the development of traditional industries and accelerate the development of high-tech industries, equipment manufacturing industries, port-based industries and emerging industries. Taking improving the ability of independent innovation as the central link to promote the adjustment of industrial structure, we will focus on building advanced manufacturing bases, promoting the modernization of agriculture and rural areas, creating an ecological province, developing circular economy, marine economy and modern service industry, adopt various forms of independent innovation, such as original innovation, integrated innovation, introduction, digestion, absorption and re-innovation, and organize the implementation of a number of key technologies, processes and important equipment development projects. Accelerate the application of innovation achievements, gradually realize the transformation from primary simple production and OEM production to independent innovation and independent brands, cultivate a number of well-known brands, leading enterprises and advantageous industries, and build a brand province. The second is to speed up the construction of advanced manufacturing bases. Focusing on the construction of three major industrial belts around Hangzhou Bay, the coast of Wentai and Jinquli, we will intensify the construction of various national and provincial development zones (parks), actively introduce innovative and entrepreneurial carriers such as incubators and R&D services, and build a national first-class industrial agglomeration development platform. Integrate and upgrade the massive characteristic economy, form a number of manufacturing centers and characteristic industrial bases with the highest total scale, innovation ability, equipment level and market share in China, and cultivate international industrial clusters. Strive to make major breakthroughs in the fields of electronic communication equipment, biomedicine, transportation equipment, special equipment for environmental protection, and large petrochemical industry. Form a group of large enterprises and groups, and give full play to the leading and driving role of the construction of advanced manufacturing bases. Third, vigorously develop efficient ecological agriculture. Take the development of efficient ecological agriculture as the main direction of modern agricultural construction in our province, scientifically formulate the development plan of efficient ecological agriculture industry, and strive to form a new pattern of modern agricultural development with regional layout, industrialized operation and socialized service. Vigorously promote the development of agriculture through science and technology, implement the "seed and seedling" project, strengthen the popularization and application of resource conservation, green safety and processing value-added technologies, explore the innovation of farming system, and establish and improve the agricultural standardization system and the monitoring and management system of agricultural product quality and safety. Accelerate the cultivation of advantageous industries and brand products, vigorously develop large professional households and professional cooperatives, and enhance the market competitiveness of leading agricultural enterprises and their driving role for farmers. Expand agricultural development space and agricultural products market. Implement the strictest farmland protection system, improve the comprehensive grain production capacity, strengthen the construction of grain market system and reserve system, and ensure food security. Fourth, vigorously develop the service industry. Take the development of service industry as a new economic growth point and the strategic focus of structural adjustment, and increase the proportion of added value of service industry in GDP. Give full play to the comparative advantages of the service industry in our province, expand the advantageous service industries such as trade logistics, finance and insurance, tourism exhibition, culture and real estate, and accelerate the cultivation of emerging service industries such as information, science and education, intermediary, community and public services. To meet the needs of advanced manufacturing base construction and industrial upgrading, we will vigorously develop producer services. Further accelerate the innovation of system and mechanism, relax market access, and guide all kinds of service industries to develop in the direction of industrialization, socialization, informationization and branding. Efforts will be made to expand the utilization of foreign capital in the service industry, strengthen cooperation in the service industry between Zhejiang, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, vigorously develop international service trade, and constantly improve the overall level of service industry development. Second, coordinate urban and rural infrastructure construction and strengthen the protection of resource elements. We will continue to push forward the "five billion" project and basically form an infrastructure system with reasonable layout, optimized structure, perfect functions and moderate advancement. Strengthen the construction of water conservancy facilities, increase the protection and rational development of water resources, and comprehensively plan and build "four water projects" such as safe drinking water, pollution control and water purification, water conservation and scientific water transfer. Strengthen the supporting construction of power supply and power grid, optimize the development of thermal power, actively develop nuclear power, vigorously develop and utilize clean and renewable energy such as natural gas, solar energy, wind energy and biomass energy, and strive to achieve a moderate lead in power supply. Reclaim beaches reasonably, develop low hills and gentle slopes, actively carry out land consolidation, revitalize land stocks and optimize the allocation of land resources. Vigorously develop transportation facilities such as roads, railways, aviation, water transport and pipelines, and form a three-dimensional comprehensive transportation network with central cities as the hub and expressways, electrified railways and trunk waterways as the skeleton. Attach importance to improving urban traffic and actively develop rail transit where conditions permit. Actively promote the integration of communication, broadcasting and computer networks, build a large-capacity, high-speed and intelligent information network platform, and comprehensively promote the informationization of government, enterprises, communities and families. We will strengthen the construction of important projects such as coastal typhoon prevention and moistureproof, high-standard urban flood control, major river systems and watershed management, earthquake prevention and geological disaster avoidance, improve the forecasting, prevention and emergency rescue system, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation capabilities. Third, actively promote coordinated regional development. The first is to form a regional development pattern with reasonable functional layout. In accordance with the overall requirements of regional development, we will further clarify the functional orientation of regional development and rationally guide the layout of productive forces and the flow of factors. Further improve the development level of the coastal industrial belt around Hangzhou Bay and Wen Tai, intensify the construction of the Jin-Qu-Li industrial belt, accelerate the economic development along the Hangzhou-Xiangning, and actively protect and rationally develop the mountainous marine ecological zone. We will continue to vigorously develop the county economy and give full play to the basic role of the county in promoting coordinated regional development. Strengthen the connection between national economic and social development planning and regional planning, urban planning and land use planning, delimit the main functional divisions of optimized development, key development, restricted development and prohibited development according to the carrying capacity and development potential of resources and environment in different regions, and gradually form a regional development pattern with clear functional orientation, clear development orientation, standardized development order and coordinated development of economy, population, resources and environment. The second is to enhance the radiation-driven role of the city. Actively promote urbanization, promote the coordinated development of large, medium and small cities, strengthen the agglomeration of urban elements and economic radiation functions, and give full play to the leading role of cities in regional economic and social development. We will improve the planning of the provincial urban system, continue to accelerate the construction of urban agglomerations in Hangzhou, Ningbo, Wenzhou and central Zhejiang, and actively support regional central cities to become stronger and bigger. Encourage large and medium-sized cities to connect neighboring small cities through intercity highways to form a cluster-based urban development pattern. Encourage more county towns and central towns to develop into small and medium-sized cities with perfect functions, speed up the cultivation of small towns, and make them become nodes connecting urban and rural areas and important carriers for prospering rural areas, serving agriculture and gathering farmers. The third is to support the leap-forward development of underdeveloped areas. Based on optimizing the regional economic layout of the province, we will focus on narrowing the income level and quality of life gap between residents in different regions, increase regional overall development, and strive to make underdeveloped areas develop into new economic growth points in our province. We will continue to promote the cooperation between mountains and seas, the well-off society in underdeveloped towns and villages, and the tens of billions of poverty alleviation projects, support the development of characteristic industries and ecological economy in underdeveloped areas according to local conditions, promote the migration down the mountain and the transfer of rural surplus labor, and take the road of combining population agglomeration with emigration, self-accumulation with assistance and development. Increase support for underdeveloped areas, improve the financial transfer payment system, improve the ecological compensation mechanism, continuously improve the development capacity of underdeveloped areas, and accelerate the economic and social development of old revolutionary areas, ethnic areas, mountainous areas and islands. The fourth is to build a strong marine economy. Conscientiously implement the Outline of the Plan for the Construction of a Strong Marine Economy Province in Zhejiang, and make overall plans for the development of land and sea industries, infrastructure construction and ecological environment protection and governance based on coastal cities and land economy. Accelerate the integration of Ningbo and Zhoushan ports, strengthen the construction and integration of coastal ports, and give full play to the leading role of ports. Accelerate the construction of foreign trade logistics, strategic materials storage and transportation bases and port-based industrial bases focusing on energy, petrochemicals, steel, ships and automobiles, and actively develop shipping and marine tourism. Optimize the structure of marine fisheries and speed up the transfer of fishermen to other industries. In-depth implementation of the strategy of "revitalizing the sea through science and technology", building a marine science and technology innovation system and cultivating emerging marine industries. Strengthen the construction of marine infrastructure, promote "big island construction, small island relocation and land-island connection", and accelerate the construction of island water sources and seawater desalination projects. Scientifically and rationally develop tidal flat resources, establish marine ecological nature reserves and marine special reserves, and strengthen the protection of marine ecological environment.
First, gradually form a resource-saving mode of production and consumption. Focus on saving and improving the utilization rate of resources, take the development of circular economy as the basic way to promote the efficient recycling of resources and the continuous reduction of pollutant emissions, and promote the formation of sustainable production and consumption patterns. Efforts should be made to build a conservation-oriented industrial structure, control high-energy projects, prohibit high-pollution projects, eliminate backward production technologies and equipment that waste resources and pollute the environment, and support the development of resource-saving industries with less pollution, low consumption and high efficiency. Adhere to economical and intensive land use, and protect and rationally develop and utilize water resources. Promote high-performance, low-consumption and environment-friendly building materials, and build energy-saving and land-saving houses and public buildings. Develop and use environmentally friendly means of transportation and build a green transportation system. Vigorously advocate a healthy and civilized lifestyle and consumption pattern that is conducive to saving resources and protecting the environment, enhance the people's awareness of saving environmental protection, encourage the use of high-efficiency and energy-saving labeling products, energy-saving and water-saving certified products and environmental labeling products, consume green labeled foods and organic labeled foods, reduce the use of over-packaging and disposable products, and form an economical consumption pattern. Build a conservation-oriented government and give play to the leading, demonstration and exemplary role of the government in building a conservation-oriented society.
Second, vigorously develop circular economy. Strengthen the construction of local laws and regulations and evaluation system for the development of circular economy, and formulate and implement the general plan for resource conservation and comprehensive utilization and the special plan for circular economy such as recycling of renewable resources. Give full play to the guiding and promoting role of economic policies such as price, tax, finance and finance in circular economy, and improve the formation mechanism of resource price market and compensation mechanism for paid use of environmental resources. Carry out cleaner production in an all-round way, promote the transformation of pollution prevention and control from end treatment to prevention and whole process monitoring, and minimize resource consumption and waste discharge. Actively promote waste recycling and improve the recycling system of renewable resources. Vigorously implement the "99 1" action plan, focus on key areas and key projects, and form a number of demonstration enterprises, demonstration parks and demonstration towns.
The third is to strengthen environmental governance and protection. In-depth implementation of the Zhejiang Eco-province construction plan, increase the intensity of environmental pollution remediation in key river basins, key regions and key enterprises, strengthen corporate environmental responsibility, and solve outstanding environmental pollution problems in an orderly manner according to law. Intensify pollution control in eight major river systems and key river basins such as Hangjiahu, Ningshao, Huangwen and Wen Rui Plain, do a good job in pollution control in key industries such as papermaking, chemical industry, building materials, medicine and leather, reduce agricultural non-point source pollution, implement the total pollutant discharge control target, speed up the construction of water pollution control facilities, and comprehensively promote water pollution prevention and control. Strengthen the comprehensive improvement of air pollution, solid pollution and noise pollution, strengthen the supervision of nuclear safety and radiation environment, promote the recycling and harmless garbage disposal methods, and further improve the environmental quality. Actively promote the construction of important ecological functional areas, strengthen the comprehensive management of soil erosion, wetland protection and the construction of ecological public welfare forests, and improve the vegetation coverage and forest quality. Fourth, promote the development of diversified ownership economy. Adhere to and improve the basic socialist economic system. Focusing on provincial state-owned enterprises and taking diversification of property rights as the main content, we will actively promote the standardized corporate system reform and fully complete a new round of state-owned enterprise reform. Further improve the supervision system of state-owned assets, improve the investor system, standardize the transfer of state-owned property rights, and strengthen the supervision of non-operating state-owned assets. Vigorously support and promote the new leap of private economy, actively guide private enterprises to strengthen institutional innovation, technological innovation and management innovation, and give full play to the important role of private economy in developing economy, expanding employment and activating market. Further relax market access, create a fair competitive development environment, and encourage private enterprises to enter infrastructure, public utilities, cultural industries and other fields. Support private enterprises to accelerate their development through mutual equity participation, mergers and acquisitions, and foreign capital grafting. Vigorously develop a mixed ownership economy in which state-owned capital, collective capital and non-public capital participate each other. Fifth, improve the modern market system. We will continue to consolidate and develop the advantages of the commodity market, and vigorously promote the market construction of capital, land, technology, talents and other factors. Using modern information technology, trading methods and new circulation formats, we will transform and upgrade the traditional commodity market and build a number of regional and international trade centers. Deepen financial reform and build local financial institutions into modern financial enterprises with sufficient capital, strict internal control and safe operation. Actively introduce foreign financial institutions. We will continue to reform the management system of rural credit cooperatives, strengthen the construction of credit guarantee system for small and medium-sized enterprises, and promote the pilot project of policy-based agricultural insurance. Continue to do a good job in enterprise listing and bond issuance, expand the proportion of direct financing, and enhance the influence of "Zhejiang plate". Promote the construction of property rights trading market and develop venture capital and industrial investment funds. Develop and standardize various trade associations and intermediary organizations. Build a "credit Zhejiang", improve the social credit system, and improve the disciplinary system for dishonesty. Improve the product quality supervision mechanism, crack down on counterfeiting, commercial fraud, tax evasion and infringement of intellectual property rights, and rectify and standardize the market order. 6. Further opening to the outside world. First, do a good job in foreign trade, strengthen foreign investment, expand foreign trade, and constantly improve the level of economic internationalization. Accelerate the transformation of foreign trade growth mode, optimize the general trade structure, promote the transformation of processing trade, and accelerate the development of service trade. Expand the import of resource products, advanced technologies and key equipment, and give better play to the role of import trade in promoting economic development. Constantly improve the quality and level of foreign capital utilization, innovate ways to attract foreign capital, expand platforms to attract foreign capital, continue to promote "private capital attracting foreign capital", "overseas attracting foreign capital", cross-border mergers and acquisitions, and overseas listing, and vigorously introduce large projects and enterprises that have a significant driving role in industrial upgrading in our province. Accelerate the pace of "going out", promote enterprises to carry out foreign investment and transnational operations, contract overseas projects, and carry out international labor cooperation. Actively carry out overseas resources cooperation and strengthen the protection of important materials outside the province. Actively use the rules of the World Trade Organization, give play to the self-discipline and coordination functions of industry organizations, and deal with international trade frictions. Expand the opening of ports, strengthen the construction of "great customs clearance" for foreign trade, speed up the facilitation of foreign investment, and protect the legitimate rights and interests of overseas investment. The second is to strengthen domestic economic cooperation and exchanges. Actively promote the process of economic integration in the Yangtze River Delta, promote market interoperability, industrial complementarity, facility construction, information sharing and environmental protection in major cities in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Zhejiang and Jiangsu, and strengthen financial cooperation in the Yangtze River Delta. Actively participate in the implementation of the central government's strategic plan on the development of the western region, the revitalization of the old industrial bases in Northeast China and the rise of Central China, continue to do a good job in counterpart support and counterpart assistance, and deepen cooperation and exchanges with eastern coastal provinces and cities, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan. Encourage enterprises to invest and start businesses outside the province, establish grain, energy, raw materials and manufacturing and processing bases, make full use of development platforms such as funds, technology, talents and information outside the province, expand development space, and realize complementary advantages and win-win cooperation. Encourage Zhejiang to jump out of Zhejiang and develop Zhejiang, encourage Zhejiang businessmen to invest and start businesses in their hometowns, actively introduce domestic advanced enterprises, and realize the benign interaction between going out and introducing. Seven, building a strong province of science and technology. Taking improving the ability of independent innovation as the core content of building a strong province of science and technology. Deepen the reform of scientific and technological system, expand scientific and technological exchanges and cooperation, speed up the construction of various scientific and technological innovation platforms, and build an open regional innovation system with enterprises as the main body and Industry-University-Research closely integrated. Optimize and integrate technological innovation resources, promote joint research on key technologies and processes, and strive to master a number of core technologies in the fields of information, biology, new materials, ocean, equipment manufacturing, etc., and have a number of independent intellectual property rights. Strengthen the innovative function of universities and research institutes, introduce well-known universities in the compound to build innovative carriers, encourage large enterprises to establish research and development institutions, and continue to vigorously cultivate and develop high-tech enterprises and small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Vigorously develop the technology market, run the online technology market in China and Zhejiang, and promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements. Strengthen the protection of intellectual property rights. Strengthen the work of popular science and improve the scientific awareness of the whole society and the scientific literacy of the public. Eight, promote employment. Taking expanding employment and improving the social security system as the priority goal of economic and social development. Actively develop labor-intensive industries, service industries and small and medium-sized enterprises of various ownership with large employment capacity, increase the total employment and realize relatively full social employment. Improve the market-oriented employment mechanism, speed up the construction of a unified labor market in urban and rural areas, and improve the employment service system. Strengthen all kinds of vocational skills training, and comprehensively improve the employment competitiveness of workers. The above are the main contents and characteristics of our province's industrial policy during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period. To sum up, the core of our province's industrial policy during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period is to change the mode of economic growth, optimize the industrial structure and improve the ability of independent innovation.