Is Huawei a central enterprise or a state-owned enterprise?

Neither, it belongs to a limited liability company (wholly owned by a legal person).

According to Baidu Encyclopedia, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. was established in 1987. Its headquarters is located in the office building of Huawei Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, China, and its legal representative is Zhao Ming Road. Founded on1987 September 15, IT belongs to the computer, communication and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, and its business scope includes IT, radio, microelectronics, communication and routing.