What is an option and how to grasp and realize its value?

I can't answer all your questions, only what I know.

1. You don't need to buy it after signing the agreement. After you buy an option, you only have the right to buy it, but you have no obligation to buy it. In the worst case, you will lose the cost of purchasing the option (the option fee will not be refunded whether you exercise it at maturity or not, because you just spent money to buy this right). For example, if you buy an option, the option fee is 1 1,000 yuan. The content of the agreement is: you can buy 50,000 shares at the agreed price of 1 yuan, which is 50,000 yuan. If the expiration price rises to 5 yuan, if you exercise the right, Hua 5 yuan will get shares worth 250,000; If the maturity price drops to 50 cents, you will lose 25,000 yuan when exercising. In this case, you must choose no option, and then you will only lose 1 000 yuan option fee.

If you buy these 50,000 shares, you can choose to keep holding shares and wait for the shares to be more valuable. For example, if you sell them for 7 yuan, it depends on your expectation of your company's future operation. If you expect the company to operate better in the future, it will be more beneficial to continue holding shares. You can also choose to sell it immediately, and sell it to the person who wants to buy it. As for the specifics, it is your first question, the difference between a joint-stock company and a limited liability company. I'm not familiar with the limited liability company, so I can't answer your question.

3. Listed companies are listed on stock exchanges, and in China, they are listed on Shanghai Stock Exchange and Shenzhen Stock Exchange. The shares of these companies can be traded publicly and freely in the stock market. If it is not a listed company, there will be restrictions on the stocks bought and sold, the market for buying and selling is limited, and the liquidity is similar. I don't know how to buy and sell stocks of unlisted companies. Please consult relevant information or ask someone for help ~

Good luck ~ ~