Saudi Mecca Safa-Mugodasha Light Rail Contract. Total length of light rail 18.25km, and construction period18.25km..
2 1 month, cost1.70 million USD. Adopt EPC+o &；; M general contracting mode (i.e. design, mining
Purchase, construction plus operation, maintenance general contracting mode). China Railway Construction is responsible for the design of Mecca light rail.
Procurement, construction, system installation and debugging, three-year operation and maintenance. According to this combination
At the same time, China Railway Construction should ensure that it will be put into production before 20101013, reaching 35%.
Transport capacity; Before May 20th11,complete all debugging and reach 100% capacity.
After the signing of the contract, due to various reasons, the project progress is not smooth, in order to ensure
With the smooth operation of this project, China Railway Construction has invested a lot of manpower and material resources with the help of the whole system.
Force, launched a "regardless of conditions, don't talk about price, don't talk about objectivity" conference war. 1 1
On June 13, the light rail was opened to traffic as scheduled, but in the latest announcement before opening to traffic, China Railway Construction Co., Ltd.
Suddenly announced that the project loss reached 4 1 100 million yuan.
The impact of huge losses:
The potential loss of China Railway Construction has had an important impact:
(1) The share price of China Railway Construction plummeted. The day after the announcement, China Railway Construction resumed trading and its share price rose sharply.
Down, A shares fell by 5.24%, and H shares fell by 3.7 1%, which was the first decline since China Railway Construction went public.
The biggest drop in a single day.
(2) The brand reputation of China Railway Construction has been seriously affected. The elimination of huge losses of Saudi light rail is exposed.
After the interest rate, China Railway's management level was questioned and it wanted to pass this Middle East project.
The desire to get more orders in this area has been affected.
(3) Some personnel bear administrative responsibility. Liu Jinlin, president of China Railway 18th Bureau, the specific organizer, was removed from the post of president and retired as a senior consultant of the company. I believe that with the development of events,
More people will pay for this potential loss.
(4) Risk management has been paid attention to. The huge loss of China Railway Construction has made it a Wang Yang.
Enterprises outside the project have put risk identification, assessment and response on the agenda, which is very
Multi-project contractors began to think about the risk management of overseas projects.
Cause analysis of loss:
In the information we can see, this potential loss has the following reasons:
General reasons:
(1) Reason for quotation. A. winning the bid at a low price. When bidding for this project,
Local construction contractors offer about 20 billion yuan, while China Railway Construction only has 654.38+0.2 billion yuan. Same work
Cheng, the same construction content, the same construction environment, the quotation ratio of enterprises has local advantages.
China Railway Construction is nearly 8 billion higher. On the bidding strategy, China Railway Construction made too many concessions.
B, the quotation time is hasty, and the market research is insufficient. In order to catch up with China leaders' visit to Saudi Arabia.
The contract was signed at a special time, and the cost engineer scrambled for the quotation, which led to the lack of quotation and market adjustment.
Insufficient research and preparation before signing the contract also make the risks to be covered in the quotation insufficient.
Think about it.
C, when quoting, underestimated the risk. When it is related to the hasty quotation time, the quotation
Insufficient risk assessment and preparation. It is said that when China Railway Construction quoted, it only had conceptual design, complicated geological environment, unique Muslim culture and a lot of changes, which was probably out of date.
Think about it from time to time.
(2) The reason of the owner. First, many changes. When the owner signed the contract, there was only one general idea.
Read design. After the signing of the contract, a large number of new functional requirements have been added, and the requirements for intersection forms and intersections have been greatly improved.
The structural form, station area and equipment parameters are adjusted.
B, the compressed construction period is the total length of light rail 18.25km, and the construction period is 20 months.
The cycle is really not very long. In this case, it is necessary to add changes and advance the opening date of the station.
In fact, it increases the burden of the general contractor's construction period.
C, land acquisition and demolition progress is not smooth. In all railway construction projects, almost all involve land acquisition and demolition. It should have been completed by the owner in advance, but due to the railway
Because of the long front, many subjects involved, tight construction period and other factors, railways are basically demolished while dismantling.
Construction, thus increasing the difficulty of railway construction units and construction costs, time limit for a project, etc.
A sure thing
D, the owner can't perform in good faith. An executive of China Railway Construction said that the owners have "peacetime".
We talked with them and reached some consensus. They all promised you, but they didn't implement it. "yes
question
(3) Contract reasons. The reasons for signing the contract are as follows:
First, the mode choice of the contract. For the light rail project in Mecca, China Railway Construction adopted EPC+O&; Orientation of m
Packaging mode. For contractors, EPC mode is a risk avoidance mode, because it absorbs risks in the design stage.
The most dangerous mode.
B, China Railway Construction signed an unprotected contract. A copy of FIDIC contract to the contractor
Some rights are objectively waived. This made China Railway Construction expose the facts when it finally changed its claim.
At a disadvantage in the world.
C. understand the contract documents. Inconsistent understanding of the contract text, if not
Clarification at the tender stage or when signing a contract will lead to out-of-control costs and chaotic plans.
Risk. In the survey, 35% of the reflected transportation capacity is 4 or 9 stops.
The problem is a typical manifestation of this problem.
(4) Process management reasons. In the process management, China Railway Construction has exposed some problems.
Question:
A. insufficient risk estimation. Despite more than ten years of work experience in the Saudi market, for sand
Special culture, system, management and other risk estimates are biased, and there are many problems in personnel deployment and environmental transformation.
In other respects, preparations are obviously inadequate.
B. Early warning and response in the process are flawed. Investigation shows that as early as the beginning of 20 10,
China Railway Construction found a sign of loss in the Mecca project, but this discovery did not cause serious losses.
See. In a large number of changes in the project, when the construction period is compressed by facts, in addition to investing manpower and material resources,
In addition to urgent repairs, China Railway Construction did not follow up the business claims in time.
C, lack of management of subcontracting and materials. Selected foreign companies subcontract the design,
Design standards and equipment selection standards are much higher than the existing domestic level. Part of the road,
Non-Muslim workers are not allowed to engage in construction work, which makes it difficult to choose and control the labor force.
Elbow. On the procurement of core equipment and materials, China Railway Construction did not set a set according to the contract.
Sample for the initiative, the owner's excessive intervention, increased the cost of equipment and subcontracting.
Special reasons:
(1) The political attribute of the project. Mecca Light Rail is an aid project, and the two governments attach great importance to it.
During the construction period, the senior leaders of China inquired about the progress of the project six times, and the Ministry of Railways and the Ministry of Commerce.
These leaders have visited Saudi Arabia many times. It is not difficult to explain why during the project implementation, the business
The industry stop loss rule failed to start in time. It is not difficult to understand why China Railway Construction should invest at all costs.
Ensure the performance of the contract.
(2) Special construction environment. Saudi Arabia is located in West Asia, and the construction environment is harsh. The ground temperature as high as 70 degrees in summer, the extreme water shortage and the extremely lazy construction workers have all become projects.
An obstacle to smooth progress. In addition, the local government for their own interests, plus with.
Differences in cooperation ability, cooperation authority and cooperation attitude. Did not fully participate in the construction of the project.
Support is also one of the reasons why the project can't advance smoothly.
(3) Cultural differences. Saudi Arabia's unique Muslim culture, rich living environment and strict
Our legal system and lazy life rhythm are different from domestic architectural culture. In Saudi Arabia,
5+2, three shifts can't be realized, and the Muslim identity requirements of some road workers can't be allowed.
Step, the shortage of Muslim engineers and managers cannot be changed, and owners like to give orders.
The culture of too many intervention projects cannot be changed.