Trust can be divided into six categories.
According to the direction of fund utilization of its trust plan, collective fund trusts can be divided into the following six types.
Securities investment trust is a trust in which the trustee accepts the entrustment of the principal and invests the trust funds in the securities market according to the agreement of both parties. It can be divided into stock investment trust, bond investment trust and portfolio investment trust. For example, Guoyuan Trust's "Wuhu County Investment Creditor's Rights Transfer Trust Plan".
Portfolio investment trust refers to the personalized portfolio operation of financial instruments such as bonds, stocks, funds, loans and industrial investment according to the risk preference of the client, and manages the trust property to effectively increase its value. For example, CITIC Trust's "Guoyuan Agricultural Materials 1 Trust".
Real estate investment trust, that is, the trustee accepts the entrustment of the client and invests the trust funds in real estate or real estate mortgage loans according to the agreement of both parties. Small and medium-sized investors indirectly obtain the benefits of large-scale real estate investment through real estate investment trusts with small capital investment. For example, Zhongrong Trust's "Gardener Real Estate Trust Loan Project Trust".
Infrastructure investment trust refers to a fund trust in which a trust company, as the trustee, publicly issues the infrastructure investment trust warrant to the society (the client) at an appropriate time according to the capital demand of the infrastructure project to be invested, and the trustee invests the trust funds in the infrastructure project according to the approved trust plan and relevant state regulations. For example, China Railway Trust "Oasis 13 Phoenix Lake International Ecological Wetland Park Infrastructure Construction Project Trust".
Loan trust is a financial business in which the trustee accepts the entrustment of the principal, distributes the funds deposited by the principal according to the object, purpose, term, interest rate and amount stipulated in the trust plan, and is responsible for recovering the loan principal and interest at maturity. For example, Xinhua Trust's "Liyuan Town Brick Factory Village Loan Trust".
Venture capital trust is a direct investment method in which the trustee accepts the entrustment of the client and invests the client's funds in high-tech industries according to the agreement of both parties, with the pursuit of long-term income as the investment goal. For example, Xi 'an Trust's "Yanliang National Aviation High-tech Income Right Trust".
In China's trust industry, the operating conditions of trust institutions have deteriorated, and there are three reasons for failing to pay trust income and repay trust funds as agreed in the trust contract: first, there is a lack of necessary investigation and study on the credit status of financiers, lessees and guarantors, as well as the technical, economic and market conditions of the project; Second, the requirements of guarantee, mortgage and counter-guarantee are not carefully examined, the underwriting is not strict, the collateral is untrue and there is no legal protection measures; The third is the non-market-oriented business generated by government intervention.