Hudson Bay is located in the marginal sea of the Arctic Ocean, extending to the bay of the North American continent. It is located in the northeast of Canada. The northeast is connected with the Atlantic Ocean through the Hudson Strait, the north is connected with Fox Bay, and it is connected with the Arctic Ocean through its northern waterway. It is about 1375 km long from north to south and about 960 km wide from east to west. It covers an area of 8 1.9 million square kilometers, with an average depth of about 100 meters and a maximum depth of 274 meters. Because it is located at high latitude and lives inland, the climate is very cold, and the annual average temperature is-12.6c.
The water temperature is low, except for the surface water temperature of 3-9℃ in August and September, most of the time the sea surface freezes. The salinity is 24‰. Ocean current flows in from Fox Bay with ice, flows out from Hudson Strait, and flows into Labrador cold current, showing counterclockwise circulation. The seabed topography is deep in the northeast and shallow in the southwest. The north-central part is a basin with a depth of more than 200 meters, the middle part is shallow and the southwest part is shallow. The western coast is relatively flat, with no islands, and the eastern coast is relatively complex and multi-island.
Salinity increases with depth, with the upper layer above 1.8m being 2‰ and the deepest layer being 3 1‰. Affected by the strong tides along the Labrador coast. A current with ice flows counterclockwise from Fox Bay into the bay. Seabed sediments are all terrestrial materials. Most of Hudson Bay is located near 60 north latitude, with long and cold winters and short and cool summers. Ice and floating ice have existed in the bay for nearly a year. There are often storms and dense fog in the bay, and there are about 300 foggy days in a year.
Introduction of Hudson's Bay Company:
Hudson's Bay Company is the earliest commercial joint-stock company in North America and one of the earliest companies in the world. The company used to be the largest landowner in the world, and its Rupert occupied a large area of land in North America. From the York factory in Hudson Bay, the former headquarters of the company, it controlled most of the fur trade in North America occupied by Britain for centuries. At the same time, it also undertook the exploration of the early North American continent, thus actually becoming the local government before the arrival of the immigration tide.
Its merchants and orcs established early relationships with many local indigenous tribes, and its network of post stations gradually became the official institutions in Canada and the western United States. In the late19th century, its vast territory became most of the newly established dominion in Canada, and the company became the largest private landowner. When the fur business declined, the company entered the commodity market and sold necessities to new immigrants in western Canada.
Today, the company has become the most famous department store in Canada. Hudson Bay Company Archives is located in Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. ?