Importance of scientific research in enterprises

What does enterprise development depend on? How can enterprises be more competitive internationally? There are many arguments, such as development strategy, marketing means, management and so on, and of course scientific research is indispensable. As a big country in economy and scientific research, the independent investment of R&D enterprises has to attract people's attention. According to a recent survey in Le Monde, large French enterprises have increased their investment in R&D funds for three consecutive years, regardless of international economic and political factors. Compared with 1999, the innovation investment of 30 enterprises with the highest R&D investment increased by 1 1% in fiscal year 2000, which made France enter the ranks of enterprise research countries. Of course, some enterprises reduced their investment in R&D in 2000, mainly because of strategic reorganization, such as privatization, structural adjustment or transfer. The leaders of all these large enterprises said that although research is a long-term enterprise activity, they will continue to regard research as the main driving force to improve their capabilities, and the "extroversion" of research will enter the era of "globalization" like mergers and international alliances. According to the world ranking of R&D investment published by the British Ministry of Trade and Industry every year, the growth rate of France reaches 16%, which greatly exceeds the average level of 10% and even exceeds that of the United States (13%). The industries where R&D has invested the most in France are metallurgy, software, health, food industry, computer manufacturing, pharmacy, aviation and national defense industry. Experts believe that the trend of French enterprises to increase their investment in R&D will continue in the next few years, mainly for several reasons. First, don't dismount the projects that have already been launched, otherwise it will bring about an increase in R&D expenses, such as the R&D investment of Airbus A-380 by European Aviation and Defense Systems Company; Secondly, enterprise marketing is good, and it needs to increase certain R&D investment to maintain the development momentum, and constantly introduce new products and production processes, such as Alstom Company, a "professional household" for train and subway production; Third, adjust the product structure and launch new services according to the changes in the international situation. For example, France Telecom has strengthened the research and development of Internet instant messaging and video conferencing technology according to the obvious decrease in travel after the "9. 1 1" incident. Facts have proved that the density of R&D investment (that is, the research budget based on turnover) is closely related to the sales of enterprises. The innovation degree of an enterprise is directly proportional to the growth of turnover, productivity and stock price. Generally speaking, putting new products on the market is a good way to increase turnover. For enterprises whose sales ratio of new products is higher than that of ordinary products, the sales volume of the former can increase by 18% every year within three years, while the total market share only increases by 5%. On the contrary, enterprises without innovation will generally lose 2 percentage points of market share. Now, the internationalization of enterprises is not only manifested in the internationalization of capital, but also in the internationalization of research. The concrete manifestations are as follows: First, strengthen the R&D cooperation ability of enterprises and improve the speed of project development. For example, the French aviation industry, spanair industry and German aviation industry jointly established the European Aviation and Defense Systems Company; Renault and Nissan jointly develop new cars. Second, enterprises set up new research centers abroad. For example, in 2000, * * * five companies set up new research centers, three of which were abroad, namely Thomson Multimedia Company of the United States, Valulec Company of Brazil and France Telecom of Japan. In addition, the "extroversion" of R&D enterprises, which started at 1998, is also an important trend of R&D development of French enterprises. Nearly half of the R&D funds of some enterprises are invested in research institutions outside the enterprise, and hundreds of R&D contracts are signed with research institutions outside the enterprise every year in the form of: cooperating with public laboratories to carry out basic research. For example, the French National Institute of Automation and Information is Alcatel's most important R&D cooperation next year. Carry out project research with suppliers or customers, and strengthen the communication between researchers and special customers, because "customers are not only economic assets that generate income, but also innovative resources". For example, Puccini cooperated with Airbus or Boeing to develop aviation materials, and these creative "collective organizations" were very successful. A survey of EU business leaders shows that 85.5% of enterprises believe that customers are the driving force of innovation. Sometimes, this kind of alliance will form the establishment of the same enterprise. For example, Schneider has established new enterprises with Toshiba and Thomson Multimedia respectively. Especially those companies that invest in Internet companies, despite the bursting of the Internet economic bubble, they continue to invest, not for the purpose of increasing capital, but for the priority of entering these innovative and dynamic small enterprises. This is the strategic thinking of Alcatel to establish Alcatel venture fund, and it is also the reason why France Telecom set up the "France Telecom Technology Company Investment Fund" at the end of 2000 to supplement and increase the R&D investment promised by the principal of the enterprises established after the privatization of the group and the venture capital companies affiliated to France Telecom. Ji Breuers, manager of strategy, research and cooperation of Paris Public Transport Company, said. "The service brought by R&D is immeasurable."