The data is not optimistic, and the growth rate of the industry has slowed down significantly:
From June to April, 2008, the aircraft movements and passenger throughput of the five major airports in China increased by 3. 1% and 8. 1% respectively. Compared with the same period of last year, the growth rate decreased by 7.7% and 4.3% respectively. Judging from the situation in a single month, the number of aircraft taking off and landing has maintained a low single-digit growth since 2008, with a growth rate of less than 5%; The growth rate of passenger throughput slowed down month by month, from 15% in 2008 to 5% in April.
The lack of demand in the aviation industry indirectly affects the airport industry, and the appreciation of the renminbi is even worse: the weakening of the macro economy and the negative wealth effect of the stock market and the property market have been transmitted to the aviation industry, and commercial activities have begun to cool down. The high CPI brings pressure to residents' consumption, which is first reflected in the reduction of unnecessary expenses such as travel. At the same time, the appreciation of RMB is essentially a negative impact on the industry (the US visa policy does not increase outbound travel, the cost of inbound travel increases, and the number of people decreases).
In a short period of time, compared with the aviation industry directly affected by the big environment, the airport aviation industry can still maintain a low industry growth rate. However, it is necessary to constantly improve its own system and services and enhance its competitiveness. This is the current development path.
Since the reform and opening-up, China's air transport industry has made great progress, and the increasing passenger volume marks China Airlines.
The overall trend of passenger transport market demand is increasing, and correspondingly, the fleet size of China Airlines is also expanding.
More and more seats are provided, and the market is well supplied. However, in the past few years, the passenger volume of China's civil aviation transportation market has increased for several consecutive years.
Now wandering, the passenger load factor continues to decline, the transportation growth rate slows down, and the economic benefits decline. 1980- 1996, the passenger volume of civil aviation passed through Spring Festival travel rush.
They all increased by 16. 1%, but 1997 only increased by 2.4%, and 1998 only increased by1.5%; China Air Transport Market after 1999
Has entered a period of stable development.
Since 2000, with the improvement of the national economy, the demand has increased significantly. However, due to the fluctuation of the international crude oil market
Affected by jet fuel prices, jet fuel costs have exceeded the depreciation of aviation materials and aircraft, accounting for nearly 40% of the total cost of enterprises. Now,
It has become the first major factor in the cost of air transport enterprises. Although the competent civil aviation authorities have intensified their efforts to rectify the civil aviation air transport market, they have strengthened their
The market has worked hard, but the economic benefits are still not ideal, and the loss phenomenon is still very common, especially for key enterprises, and the profits are still not optimistic.
If we only compare and analyze the demand and supply of the current air passenger transport market, we can see that the market supply and demand still exist.
There are many problems of imbalance, mainly as follows:
First of all, in terms of market demand and total supply,
Due to the failure to grasp the principles of "order" and "moderation" when expanding the capacity, the capacity greatly exceeds that of air passenger transport.
The total market demand has caused the imbalance between the total demand and the total supply of air passenger transport market.
Second, in terms of market demand and market supply.
1. The economically developed eastern and coastal areas have large market demand and relatively insufficient market supply; The central and western regions with relatively backward economy
The market demand in inland areas is small and the market supply is relatively saturated. Take China Southern Airlines as an example. In 2002, the company transported passengers.
The top 20 routes are Guangzhou to Beijing, Shanghai, Haikou, Hong Kong, Xiamen, Pudong, Guilin, Nanning and Hangzhou.
Guangzhou, Wuhan, Chengdu, Nanjing, Fuzhou, Changsha, Zhanjiang and Beijing to Shenzhen, Wuhan, Xiamen and Hong Kong to Xiamen, and Fuzhou to the north.
Beijing and other routes, the origin and arrival of these routes are mostly eastern and coastal cities.
2. The main air passenger transport market basically exceeds demand, and the regional air passenger transport market basically exceeds demand. With me,
With the continuous development of China's civil aviation industry, trunk aviation has developed rapidly, but the passenger load factor of trunk aviation has not increased, but has remained.
It continues to be low, and the annual average passenger load factor of some flights is less than 30%. This shows that the supply of trunk aviation market exceeds demand. It is also made up of
The focus of airlines' competition for customers is generally in the trunk air passenger transport market, and the capacity invested in the regional air passenger transport market is not the same.
There are many. Therefore, overall, the regional air passenger transport market is still in short supply.
Third, the ticket price.
Air freight rate is a very important factor affecting the demand of air passenger transport market. 1997 civil aviation introduction "a kind of fare,
The multi-level fare system of "multiple discounts" gives consumers more preferential treatment and is generally welcomed by consumers. However, the good times did not last long.
In order to compete for limited customers, some airlines reduce fares or even sell below cost, which leads to the whole civil aviation industry.
An important reason for the loss. To this end, the State Planning Commission and the Civil Aviation Administration of China had to intervene a few years ago to implement "unified restrictions" on passengers.
Price ",the enterprise shall not discount sales in any name. The fare is "one size fits all". Although it has promoted the surplus in the civil aviation industry, it has
But the number of people flying at their own expense has decreased. Even business people make many passengers choose to take the train because of the high travel expenses.
Cars and other means of transportation.
4. service.
At present, the vast majority of airlines doing business in China's air passenger transport market are in the service stations they provide to consumers.
The content can still only provide basic products, that is, airlines that use planes to transport passengers from one airport to another.
Transportation. The service of airlines is too single. In a sense, the advantages of air transport itself are constantly being lost, while sea transport,
Road transport and railway transport pose a great threat to air transport.