1. Globalization strategy: refers to the strategic plan of some multinational enterprises trying to monopolize the world economic market, that is, to promote standardized products and services to the world market and concentrate their production and operation activities in more favorable countries, thus forming an experience curve and economies of scale to obtain high profits.
2. Internationalization strategy: refers to the development strategy of an enterprise's products and services outside the home country, that is, the differentiated products developed in the home country are transferred to overseas markets, thus creating value.
3. Transnational strategy: also known as multinational strategy, it is to provide products and services that can better meet the local market demand according to different markets in different countries, so as to meet the market demand of the host country.
4. Transnational strategy: some strategies that enterprises should adopt in developing abroad. In the fierce global competition, we will form cost-benefit and location-benefit based on experience, transfer the special competitiveness within enterprises, and pay attention to the needs of local markets.
Secondly, the stages of several strategies are different.
1. Globalization stage: it is the performance of the mature development of international enterprises. Enterprises are completely separated from the dependence on the market and capital, and the competition between enterprises has also begun to be separated from the price factor, which leads to technical factors and service factors. Therefore, the core value of an enterprise is reflected in high-end technology and human resources.
The most remarkable performance of global enterprises is integrated system, and the representative of such enterprises is Microsoft today.
2. Internationalization stage: it is a new form completely divorced from regionalization. The source of the enterprise's own profits is no longer completely dependent on the social average working hours gap. The consumption pattern of commodity export places is also brand-new. Enterprises attach great importance to technological advantages, and the market has changed from a constraint relationship with enterprises to a control relationship, that is, consumers have a rush for the goods exported by producers.
At this stage, the most obvious performance of enterprises is monopoly. This typical enterprise is Ford Motor Company of the United States in the early 20th century.
3. Transnational stage: the influence of local advantages is gradually declining, replaced by the binding force of monetary capital, and the control of corporate headquarters on the market is strengthened. At the same time, the main operator of the market is the comprador or agent of the enterprise, and the enterprise gains profits through the constraint of market consumption, which is mainly manifested in the fact that the export commodities are technically substitutable, the export of raw materials and services can be extremely cheap, and the capital control is strong.
This enterprise form was formed by the British East India Company in the18th century.
4. Transnational stage: export products by using local advantages. Its transnational purpose is mainly to win the destination market, mainly market-oriented. The existence of market is the core of all business activities of enterprises. This enterprise form first appeared in the Dutch East India Company in the15th century.
Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of several strategies are different.
1, globalization:
Advantages: experience curve effect and location economy effect can be obtained;
Disadvantages: poor response from the local market;
2. Internationalization:
Advantages: exporting unique competitiveness to foreign countries;
Disadvantages: poor response from the local market; It is difficult to obtain the effect of location economy and experience curve;
3. Transnational:
Advantages: according to specific needs, adjust product structure and marketing means to improve local market response;
Disadvantages: it is difficult to obtain the effect of location economy and experience curve; It is difficult to export unique competitiveness to foreign countries;
4. Internationalization:
Advantages: experience curve effect and location economy effect can be obtained; Improve the local market response; Gain the benefits of global learning;
Disadvantages: it is difficult to implement due to organizational problems;
Baidu Encyclopedia-Globalization Strategy
Baidu Encyclopedia-Internationalization Strategy