Rural commercial banks came into being with the business philosophy of "serving agriculture, countryside and farmers", serving the development of local economy, contributing to the development of China's local real economy and inclusive finance, and becoming the main force of rural finance. As a special type of commercial banks, rural commercial banks have both the commonness of commercial banks' operation and the uniqueness of their own development.
Rural commercial banks are mainly reformed from rural credit cooperatives. Since 1978, the development of rural commercial banks in China has roughly experienced four stages. With the advancement of the reform process of rural credit cooperatives, rural commercial banks have gradually become the main force of rural finance, providing support for the construction of new countryside and the development of township enterprises, thus promoting the sustained and healthy development of rural economy.
With the continuous development of the times, the central government has paid more and more attention to the issues concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and the countryside has attracted the attention of many financial institutions. The State Council has perfected the relevant regulations on the establishment of rural commercial banks, and put forward that rural commercial banks are the new force for the future rural economic development. Since then, rural commercial banks have made full efforts to develop, and the number of institutions has gradually increased. The number of corporate institutions has increased from 2,065,438+337 in 2002 to 1539 in 2020.
Non-performing loans include subprime loans, doubtful loans and loss loans. Due to the particularity of rural commercial banks, loan review and lender credit review are not perfect, and the possibility of subprime loans, suspicious loans and even loss of loans will be greatly improved. In 2020, the balance of non-performing loans of China Rural Commercial Bank was 7 127 billion yuan, including 295.9 billion yuan of subprime loans, 369.4 billion yuan of doubtful loans and 475.5 billion yuan of loss loans.
At present, the business scope of rural commercial banks is very extensive, including personal business, corporate business, investment banking business and international business. Personal business includes: bank card business, savings business, personal loan business, agency business, settlement business and wealth management business.
The company's business includes: deposit business, credit business, settlement business and fund business. Investment banking business includes consulting business, financing business and M&A business. International business includes: foreign exchange deposit business, international settlement business and trade financing business.