Turning over the long scroll of China's 5,000-year history, we can see the creations and inventions that amaze the times. These creations and inventions have influenced people's thoughts, concepts and wisdom from the outside to the inside, making her an eternal monument and symbol, which is constantly carried forward by wise people. The word "Baishui Du Kang" is familiar to people. While making people feel a little emotional charm, she is also interpreting the eternal essence of a famous cultural and historical wine with a brand-new attitude.
Legend has it that Du Kang's wine originated from the Five Emperors, which was preserved in Xia and Shang Dynasties, and became a wine to celebrate the national victory in Zhou and Wu Dynasties. Dukang Liquor was named after the founding of Jiuzu, and it was recorded in detail in the ancient books of Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as Shiben, Lv Chunqiu, Warring States Policy, Shuowen Jiezi and Sibaishui County Records. Baishui County, Shaanxi Province is the hometown of wine saint Du Kang and the birthplace of Dukang wine.
Baishui County, a small county on the Loess Plateau, is the birthplace of four major creations: Lei Gong's bowl making, Cai Lun's paper making, Cangjie's word making and Du Kang's wine making. Among them, Du Kang's unique wine-making skill is the most cultural heritage of Chinese wine at that time and even now. "Du Kang, the word Zhongning, is said to be a Kangjiawei person in the county and is good at making wine." Kangjiawei is a small village that still exists today, seven or eight kilometers west of Baishui County. There is a big ditch near the village, which is about 10 km long and 100 m at its widest point. It's called "Du Kang ditch". There is a spring at the source of the ditch, surrounded by green trees and lush vegetation, named "Du Kangquan". The county annals say that "it is said that Du Kang uses this water to make wine" and "the villagers say that this water still smells of wine". Although the smell of wine is not true, the water quality of this spring is cool and sweet, but it is true. Clean water gurgles out of the spring, flows along the bottom of the ditch, and finally flows into Baishui River, which is called "Dukang River". On the slope next to Du Kangquan, there is a big earthen bag with a diameter of five or six meters, surrounded by brick walls. Legend has it that Du Kang buried bones. Du Kang Temple is located on the left side of the tomb, with carved walls as the room, dedicated to the statue of Du Kang.
According to folklore and historical records, Du Kang, also known as Shao Kang, was born in Baishui County, Shaanxi Province in the Xia Dynasty. He was the fifth king of Xia Dynasty, the first slave country in China's history. According to historical records such as Historical Records of Xia Benji, when the fourth king of Xia Dynasty was in power, a coup took place and the emperor was killed. At that time, the emperor's wife was pregnant and fled to her family. Du Kang, a teenager, lives by grazing. He hangs his meal on the tree and often forgets to eat it. After a while, Shao Kang found that the leftovers hanging on the tree had changed their taste, and the juice produced was unexpectedly sweet and abnormal, which aroused his interest. After repeated research and thinking, he finally discovered the principle of natural fermentation. He consciously followed suit and constantly improved, and finally formed a complete set of brewing technology, thus laying the foundation stone of China's brewing industry-Du Kang, and the wine he brewed was named "Dukang Wine" ("Shuo Wen Jie Zi")
Records of Baishui County in Ming and Qing Dynasties recorded that "Du Kang, whose real name was Zhongyu, was a Kangjiawei native of our county and was good at making wine". The spring water in Du Kang Gully "still gushed weakly until winter, and flowed for four miles into Baishui River. The villagers said that the water still smells of wine. "
According to legend, this kind of water is used in Du Kang to make wine, and there are words to prove it: "Heyi wine is full of wine; Liquor alone cures diseases. Therefore, drinking all day long, not indulging; Take it for life and get the sum of qi and blood. A hundred miles away, sell more white wine. It is also obvious that the legacy of Xianze is unique to the local area and has been preserved along the low valley of the site. "
Du died in Baishui, which is the pride of Baishui people. Du Kang's wine has produced simple customs and ancient white water culture. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the Republic of China, there were thousands of boiled pots and four wineries. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao sang the eternal swan song "Bold and unforgettable, how to solve the worries, only Du Kang": Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote beautiful poems "Late at night, the moonlight shines on Baishui Mountain" and "Du Jiu often remonstrates"; Pi Rixiu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also sang the quatrains louder, and the Du Kang language is empty, so the fragrant Du Kang wine spread all over the Loess Plateau.
Some people say that he is a minister under the Yellow Emperor. After the Yellow Emperor established the tribal alliance, Shennong began to cultivate land and grow grain after tasting a hundred herbs and distinguishing grains. The Yellow Emperor ordered Du Kang to manage grain production, and Du Kang was very responsible. Due to the fertile land and pleasant climate, there is a bumper harvest every year, and the grain output is increasing. At that time, because there was no warehouse and no scientific storage method, Du Kang piled the harvested grain in the cave. After a long time, due to the humidity in the cave, the food is moldy. The Yellow Emperor was very angry when he learned about it. He ordered Du Kang to be removed from his post and only let him keep the food. He also said that if the grain was moldy in the future, Du Kang would be executed.
Du Kang, the minister in charge of grain production, was suddenly reduced to storing grain, and he was very sad. But he thought of Lei Zu, Hou Feng and Cang Xie (from Baishui, Shaanxi). It is recorded in Shuo Wen Jie Zi that Cang Xie was a historian of word-making in the period of the Yellow Emperor, and was honored as a "sage of word-making" and other officials. They all made inventions and made great contributions, but they didn't contribute and committed crimes. At this thought, all his anger disappeared, and he secretly made up his mind to keep the food well. One day, Du Kang found an open field in the forest, and several surrounding trees died, leaving only the thick trunk. The suitcase is empty. Du Kang had a brainwave. He thinks that if the grain is put in a hole in the tree, it may not go bad. So he hollowed out all the dead trees in the forest. A few days later, all the grain was put into the tree hole. Who knows, two years later, the grain in the tree hole was slowly fermented by the wind, the sun and the rain. One day, when Du Kang went up the mountain to check the grain, he suddenly found some goats, wild boar and rabbits lying around a dead tree with grain on it. At first, he thought that all these wild animals were dead. When he approached, he found that they were still alive, and they all seemed to be sleeping. Du Kang couldn't figure out what the reason was and wondered when the wild boar woke up. As soon as it saw someone coming, it ran into the Woods. Then a goat and a rabbit woke up and ran away. Du Kang didn't bring a bow and arrow when he went up the mountain, so he didn't catch up. He was about to go back when he suddenly found two goats licking something in front of a tree hole full of food. Du Kang hurriedly hid behind a big tree to observe, only to see two goats licking for a while, and then staggered up and lying on the ground after a while. Du Kang quickly ran to tie up two goats, and then carefully checked with his tongue what the goats had just licked in the tree hole. You can take a look without looking, but Du Kang got a fright. The hole in the tree used to hold grain cracked a crack, and the water inside kept oozing out. Goats, wild boar and rabbits fell to the ground after licking the water. Du Kang sniffed it with his nose, and the seeping water was very fragrant, so he couldn't help tasting it. Although it tastes a little spicy, it is particularly mellow. The more he tasted it, the more he wanted to taste it, and finally he took a few sips. This glass of wine doesn't matter. For a moment, I just felt very dizzy. Just two steps forward, I fell to the ground and fell asleep. I don't know how long it took. When he woke up, he saw that one of the two goats had run away and the other was struggling. He turned over, feeling full of energy and energy, and accidentally trampled the struggling goat to death. He conveniently took off the pointed jar at his waist and filled half the jar with this perfume seeping from the tree hole. When he came back, Du Kang told other food keepers what he had seen, and let everyone taste the perfume he brought back. Everyone thinks it's strange. Some people suggested that the matter should be reported to the Yellow Emperor as soon as possible, but others disagreed, on the grounds that Du Kang was demoted for spoiling food in the past, and now he has put food into a tree hole and turned it into water. If the Yellow Emperor knew about it and didn't kill his head, he would kill Du Kang. Hearing this, Du Kang said to everyone unhurriedly: "Now, no matter whether it is good or bad, it can't hide from the Yellow Emperor." With that, he lifted the pointed bottom jar and went to the Yellow Emperor. After listening to Du Kang's report, the Yellow Emperor carefully tasted the perfume he brought, and immediately discussed the matter with his ministers. Ministers agreed that this is a living food, not poisonous water. The Yellow Emperor did not blame Du Kang, but ordered him to continue to observe carefully and ponder the truth. He also ordered Cang Xie to give this perfume a name. Cang Xie said casually: "This water is fragrant and mellow, and it will make you drunk." After that, he made a word "wine". Both the Yellow Emperor and the ministers thought it was a good name.