First, consumer finance has different development paths in different countries. Consumer finance in China started relatively late. 1985, China Construction Bank Shenzhen Branch issued the first personal housing mortgage loan in China, marking the beginning of consumer finance in China.
Although the consumer finance in our country started late, it has developed very rapidly in the past two years, and the scale of consumer finance in our country may reach the first place in the world in the future. Japan and South Korea are the first countries in Asia to develop consumer finance. By comparing with Japan and South Korea, we can learn more development experience and get more valuable lessons from the failure cases of consumer finance in Japan and South Korea.
Secondly, it compares and summarizes the consumer finance in China, Japan and South Korea from the aspects of the subject, credit investigation and relevant laws and regulations of consumer finance.
The main body of consumer finance in China is mainly composed of traditional consumer finance and internet consumer finance. Traditional consumer finance entities are mainly commercial banks, auto finance companies and licensed consumer finance companies. Internet consumer financial entities include some e-commerce platforms, online lending platforms and third-party lending platforms.
China's consumer finance credit information system is imperfect, with huge data, scattered data and lack of effective data, and there is no unified data collection and sharing mechanism. In terms of laws and regulations, there are no relevant laws and regulations specifically for consumer loans, and the laws and regulations on consumer finance are not perfect.
Third, Japan's consumer finance originated from the retail industry. In the early 1950s, some retail businesses in Japan began to provide consumer credit services in monthly installments. It can be said that consumer finance in Japan is a consumer credit service spontaneously generated by businesses in the retail and circulation industries due to business needs. 1960, the first credit card company was established in Japan, and the issuance and use of Japanese credit cards were also dominated by circulation enterprises and retail enterprises, such as Shizun Company and Westinghouse Department Store in Japan.
Japanese commercial banks intervened in consumer finance relatively late. From 1960s to 1980s, Japan's consumer finance has been developing and maturing. In 1990s, consumer finance in Japan was dominated by credit card companies and consumer finance companies.
Japan's consumer finance credit reporting system is relatively perfect, with three individual credit reporting agencies. The credit information provided by these credit reporting agencies can only be used for the evaluation of citizens' integrity, not for employment and business activities.