I. Three basic sources
1, investment by investors
This is the main source of enterprise funds, including funds invested by individuals, enterprises, government agencies and other investors. These funds are usually used for the operation and development of enterprises to support their daily operation and expansion.
Step 2 borrow money
Enterprises raise funds by lending to banks or other financial institutions and issuing bonds. This method usually needs to pay a certain amount of interest and repay the principal within the specified time.
3. Profit retention
Part of the profits earned by an enterprise by operating its business and selling its products can be used to pay its daily expenses and taxes, and the other part can be kept in the enterprise as future development funds.
Second, the connotation of enterprise funds
1, the importance of enterprise funds
On the surface, funds are money, but in essence, they are all kinds of property and materials owned by enterprises. These assets include both fixed assets in the form of materials, such as land and buildings, and current assets in the form of money, such as cash and accounts receivable. These are the material conditions of enterprise's production and operation activities, which reflect the process of social reproduction.
2. Liquidity of enterprise funds
Enterprise funds are advances to support the production and business activities of enterprises. It not only needs to meet the needs of daily operation, but also needs constant turnover to maintain the sustainable development of enterprises.
3, the source of enterprise funds
Enterprise funds mainly come from the enterprise's own business activities, including the income from selling goods or providing services, and other investment income. In addition, some funds may also come from external financing, such as bank loans, issuing stocks or bonds.
The influence of three basic sources of enterprise funds on enterprise funds
1, enterprise capital
This is the funds raised by the enterprise itself through issuing stocks or absorbing investors' investment, which represents the owner's rights and interests of the enterprise. This part of the funds is usually used to support the long-term development of enterprises, such as purchasing fixed assets and carrying out research and development activities. If the capital allocation of enterprises is reasonable, it can effectively improve the efficiency and effect of resource utilization and promote the development of enterprises.
2. Borrowing funds
This mainly includes loans obtained by enterprises from banks or other financial institutions or funds raised by issuing bonds. These funds are mainly used to meet the short-term capital needs of enterprises, such as paying daily operating costs and responding to emergencies. Proper management of borrowed funds can ensure that enterprises have sufficient liquidity to maintain their daily operations and respond to potential risks in a timely manner.
3. State financial funds
This refers to the funds invested by government departments or institutions investing on behalf of the state with state-owned funds. For state-owned enterprises, national financial funds are one of the main sources of funds, which are usually used to support major project construction or industrial upgrading. How to make good use of this part of funds will directly affect the development speed and direction of enterprises.