The concept of monetary funds
Monetary funds refer to cash, bank deposits and other forms of monetary funds owned by enterprises.
Monetary fund is the starting point and end point of enterprise capital movement and the premise of enterprise production and operation. With the process of reproduction, monetary balance will occur frequently. Cash investment, cash donation, bank loans, operating income, etc. , will form the income of monetary funds; Purchasing materials, paying wages and other expenses, repaying loans and paying taxes will all form the expenditure of monetary funds. In daily economic and trade exchanges, there is often a certain time interval between the receivable and payable of currency and the actual payment, which forms the current settlement accounting.
Monetary funds in the balance sheet
Monetary funds are current assets in the balance sheet, including the ending balance of three general ledger accounts: cash on hand, bank deposits and other monetary funds (including foreign deposits, bank draft deposits, bank cashier's checks deposits, letter of credit deposits, credit card deposits, investment deposits, etc.). ), excluding monetary funds with special purposes.
What are the fund management systems?
I. Cash Management System
The cash management system mainly includes cash use scope, cash limit on hand and other cash management regulations.
(A) the scope of use of cash
1. Wages and allowances of employees;
2. Personal labor remuneration;
3 in accordance with the provisions of the state awarded to individuals in science and technology, culture and art, sports competitions and other bonuses;
4. All kinds of labor insurance, welfare and other personal expenses stipulated by the state;
5. The price of purchasing agricultural and sideline products and other materials from individuals;
6. Travel expenses that business travelers must carry with them;
7. The starting point of settlement is 1 1,000 yuan for sporadic expenditures;
8. Other expenses that need to be paid in cash as determined by the People's Bank of China.
(2) Cash limit on hand
Banks are approved according to the actual needs of the unit, generally according to the daily sporadic expenses of the unit for 3 to 5 days. The cash limit of an account-opening unit in remote areas and inaccessible areas may exceed 5 days, but it shall not exceed the daily sporadic expenditure of 15 days. Units that need to increase or decrease the cash limit on hand shall apply to the bank where they open the account for approval.
(3) Other cash management regulations.
1. If you don't take cash, you will pay directly without cash. If it is necessary to withdraw cash due to special circumstances, it must be reported to the bank for approval before payment can be made.
2. It is not allowed to replace cash on hand with vouchers that do not conform to the financial system, that is, it is not allowed to "top the treasury with white stripes".
It is not allowed to lie about the use of cash.
4. Bank accounts are not allowed to access cash on behalf of other units and individuals.
5. Cash from unit income shall not be deposited into savings in the name of individuals.
6. It is not allowed to protect public funds outside the account, and it is not allowed to set up a "small treasury".
Second, the bank deposit management system
(1) A bank account management enterprise shall open and use basic deposit account, general deposit accounts, temporary deposit accounts and special deposit accounts in accordance with the Measures for the Administration of Bank Accounts. Basic deposit account is used for the withdrawal of daily business activities of enterprises, and an enterprise can only open a basic deposit account in the business institution of a bank.
(two) in accordance with the relevant provisions of the "payment and settlement measures", the unit must abide by the bank's settlement discipline, including:
1. Do not take bank credit, issue blank checks, checks with seals inconsistent with the reserved seals, forward checks and bills without capital guarantee;
2. Do not refuse to pay without reason or arbitrarily occupy other people's funds;
3. It is not allowed to open and use accounts in violation of regulations;
4. It is not allowed to issue, obtain or transfer bills without actual transactions and creditor's rights and debts, and take funds from banks and others.
What do you mean by other money funds?
Other monetary funds refer to all kinds of monetary funds except cash and bank deposits.
For example: foreign deposits, cashier's check deposits, bank draft deposits, credit card deposits, credit card deposits, etc.
Accounting entries of other monetary funds
1. Transfer the funds to the corresponding account:
Borrow: other monetary funds
Loans: bank deposits
2. Use this fund to purchase materials:
Borrow: raw materials
Loans: funds in other currencies