Text discussion
First, the overall perception
Haiyan is a famous prose poem and Gorky's early masterpiece. Written in 190 1, it was the darkest time on the eve of the Russian revolution. The rising of Russian workers' movement has shaken the foundation of czar's rule. Gorky, who came from the bottom of society and knew the sufferings of the people at the bottom, touched the pulse of the new era, shaped the artistic image of "Haiyan" with keen artistic perception, cheered for the coming revolutionary storm and sang an ode full of fighting passion for the proletariat.
Haiyan has profound political significance and symbolic connotation. Through several scenes before the storm, the work depicts the image of Haiyan, a pioneer of proletarian revolution, which symbolizes great wisdom and courage. "On the vast sea surface, the wind gathers dark clouds." When the storm was brewing, Haiyan had already been unable to hold back her desire and joy for the storm, impacting between clouds and waves and bravely shouting. Other seabirds-seagulls, sea ducks and penguins-regard the storm as a disaster and are terrified, while Haiyan is eagerly welcoming new life; When the storm comes and the dark clouds are on top, Haiyan is still like a "black lightning", an arrow that leaves the string, dancing in the wind and thunder, laughing and howling, like a "spirit in the storm"; When thunder and lightning, mountains calling for tsunami and storms are about to break out, Haiyan finally issued a cry with a victorious "prophet" attitude-"Let the storm come more violently!" This is the declaration of the war of the times, which indicates the coming of the revolutionary storm, inspires people to take active actions to meet the great battle, shows the strong and fearless revolutionary idealism spirit, is full of lofty sentiments and stirs people's hearts.
Haiyan embodies the typical characteristics of revolutionary romanticism in Gorky's early works. With the magnificent nature as the background, the whole poem tries its best to render the tense atmosphere of stormy waves, thunder and lightning, roaring winds and magnificent waves, writes strong and vivid colors like oil paintings, shapes the artistic image like "proud, black storm spirit", and is full of strong emotions and ironic style. All of these have distinctive revolutionary romanticism features, and on the whole, they have created a strong atmosphere of heroism and idealism. It reflects Gorky's early aesthetic proposition-he said in a letter to Chekhov: "Indeed, the era of heroism has arrived. Hope is not like life, but higher than life, better than life. "
In writing skills, the most prominent feature of Haiyan is the use of symbolism. The "sea" symbolizes the overwhelming power of the people at the height of the revolution, while the "dark clouds" and "strong winds" symbolize counter-revolutionary forces and dark social environment. Symbolism makes the thought more vivid and emotional, and expands the ideological connotation and aesthetic space of the work. As Gorky said, "You can say what you want to say conveniently and concisely in the form of symbols" and "You can inject a lot of thoughts into symbols". The works also use various rhetorical devices such as contrast, repetition, contrast, metaphor and personification. It further enhances the artistic expression and three-dimensional sense of the image: instead of shaping the image of "Haiyan" on a plane, they depict seagulls full of fear of storms, sea ducks frightened by roaring thunder and penguins hiding under cliffs, symbolizing all kinds of timidity. It is in the sharp contrast of two completely different attitudes towards the storm that the image of Haiyan, which is brave, selfless, optimistic, firm and excellent, stands out. Writing "wind", "thunder", "cloud" and "electricity" is also to set off Haiyan's vigorous and brave fighting posture and optimistic and fearless revolutionary pride. Gorky used the contrast and contrast of images to suppress evil and promote good, lash out at evil and ugliness and praise good, and created the artistic image of "Haiyan" full of strength and beauty, which profoundly reflected the characteristics of the times, thus blowing the horn of marching into a bright era, awakening the people and encouraging them to bravely join the liberation struggle.
As far as overall aesthetics is concerned, Haiyan is not only a colorful lyric poem, but also an oil painting with musical rhythm and fluidity. It combines the characteristics of poetry and prose, and shows the beauty of music and painting of poetry. The style of writing is rough and bold, magnificent, colorful and emotional, which gives people a strong artistic appeal.
Second, the problem research
1. What are the structural features of this article?
The whole article advances layer by layer in the content structure, echoing before and after, forming an organic unity. Based on the approaching storm, it can be divided into three scenes according to the development and change of sea conditions. Haiyan is also arranged to be portrayed in three scenes of the storm: future, approaching and imminent. Haiyan's character gradually became clear with the development of the plot, and Haiyan's image gradually improved with the approaching of the storm.
The first picture (from the beginning to "flying on the frothy sea"): It is written that the storm is coming, Haiyan "flies proudly" and "longs" for the arrival of the storm with optimistic passion and confidence in victory.
At the beginning, simply write down the precursors of the coming storm and point out the environment where Haiyan is located. Then, Haiyan was described from three aspects: shape, sound and color, and its vigorous, arrogant and fierce posture was outlined with the accurate metaphor of "black lightning". Flying proudly always writes about Haiyan's movements and arrogance, and endows Haiyan's movements with modality and charm through anthropomorphic writing. Then from the aspect of "sound", the profound meaning of Haiyan's "crying" is positively expounded-"full of longing for the storm!" "Dark clouds hear joy", "Dark clouds hear the power of anger, the flame of enthusiasm and the confidence of victory", and the parallelism sentence renders Haiyan full of energy and high morale.
In this picture, in sharp contrast to Haiyan are other seabirds. The arrival of the storm made them panic. The "seagull" full of fear of the storm, the "sea duck" frightened by "thunder and lightning" and the "penguin" cowering under the cliff bank symbolize all kinds of wise revolutionaries who were afraid of revolution in the real environment at that time. The article captures their voices, movements and modality, describes their frightened ugliness, and sets off the extraordinary courage and powerful image of Haiyan.
The second picture (from "the dark clouds are getting darker and darker" to "yes, they can't be covered"): Haiyan blows the wind and waves when the storm comes, and welcomes the storm with confidence to win.
In this scene, the fierce struggle between the waves and the sky is first described. The image of "dark clouds" and "strong winds" symbolizes the social environment and political situation of "dark clouds over the city", and the sea symbolizes the strength of the broad masses of the people. The struggle between violent winds and waves reflects the fierce struggle between revolution and counter-revolution, and shows the madness of counter-revolutionary forces and the fighting spirit of the people taking the initiative to fight.
In such a tense and intense background, the author once again focuses on the description of Haiyan, which is a step further than the above. From shouting to laughing and howling, from flying to flying, from rushing to passing, from touching to grabbing, Haiyan is swift, cheerful, heroic and brave. It also tells the spiritual source of its belief in winning: "It has long heard that it is sleepy from the anger of thunder, and it is convinced that dark clouds can't cover the sun-yes, they can't!" Its courage comes from its high vision and keen insight into the future of the proletarian revolution.
The third picture (from "The Whistling Wind" to the end of the article): While in storm warning, Haiyan enthusiastically called for the storm with the attitude of a victorious prophet.
This scene still describes the atmosphere, the wind whistling, the thunder and lightning, the dark clouds rolling, and the atmosphere is rendered more intense. The sea and lightning fought to the death, symbolizing the further intensification of the revolutionary struggle. The struggle ended in the victory of the sea, which once again showed the majestic momentum and strength of the sea, indicating that the reactionary forces of the tsar would be buried in the sea of Wang Yang in the people's revolution.
In the fierce fighting environment, the author wrote about Haiyan for the third time, but no longer used pen and ink to describe Haiyan's posture. From the first painting to the second, he wrote its "crying" and "laughing". Here, he directly wrote its two loud cries in anthropomorphic way, pointing out the essential characteristics of Haiyan's "prophet". The atmosphere of the work reached its climax after layers of rendering, and finally shaped the image of Haiyan.
2. At the end of the article, why did Haiyan cry "Let the storm come more violently" like a "prophet of victory"? Why is Haiyan full of longing for the storm? "-the storm! A storm is coming! " "-let the storm come more violently!" What thoughts and feelings did the author express in two loud shouts?
This is a likely problem when students read through the full text. The "storm" symbolizes the explosive revolutionary situation on the eve of the Russian revolution in 1905, a proletarian revolution brewing to overthrow the czar's dictatorship. This revolutionary storm has the power to destroy everything, and it is an opportunity to remove all obstacles and regenerate the nation. So "Haiyan" and the oppressed people are full of yearning for the revolution, "-the storm! A storm is coming! " Repeated rhetorical devices have strengthened Haiyan's extreme excitement and joy as an emissary, which indicates that the rule of the dark czar will collapse and a people's revolution is coming, showing the proletarian revolutionaries' high wisdom and keen foresight of the times and historical upheaval. "-let the storm come more violently!" The form of imperative sentences is inspiring, which is a revolutionary declaration of fighting, expressing self-confidence and heroic fighting feelings and a high degree of revolutionary optimism. This is also a revolutionary call from people's minds, calling on people to take action to meet a great "revolutionary storm." These two sentences are vivid portrayal and high generalization of the spirit of the times.
3. What are the characteristics of the use of symbolism in Haiyan?
The use of symbolism is the most important writing feature of Haiyan. It is a difficult point in text teaching to guide students to understand symbols and understand the role of symbols in expression and performance.
Symbol is an important expression method in literary creation. In short, symbol is to express some abstract concepts, thoughts and emotions (symbolic noumenon) by means of the image (symbolic body) of specific things according to some connection between things. Generally speaking, in order to say B, because A and B are related, only A is said, not B, but readers can understand B themselves through images, and understand the abstract symbolic meaning. This is the so-called "giving things meaning". Symbols can euphemistically, tortuous and implicitly express thoughts and feelings that are not easy or convenient to say directly, turn "abstract" into "concrete", make thoughts more vivid and sensible, and greatly enhance the artistic expression and appeal of works.
Symbolic expressions are mostly embodied in a paragraph or an article, or focus on the idea of the full text. To accurately understand the symbolic meaning of the article, we must understand the writing background of the article and the author's thoughts and feelings at that time, and deeply analyze the scene described in the article and the author's artistic conception.
In teaching, we should pay attention to guiding students to understand the symbolic meaning of various symbols in the text as a whole and their relationship, which is the key to understand the profound meaning of the works. Generally speaking, "Haiyan" symbolizes the fearless proletarian revolutionary pioneer; "Storm" symbolizes1the explosive revolutionary situation on the eve of the Russian revolution in 905, a proletarian revolution brewing to overthrow the czar's dictatorship; "Sea" symbolizes the strength of the broad masses of the people. Image group, a flock of seagulls, sea ducks and penguins, symbolizes all kinds of fake revolutionaries and non-revolutionaries who are afraid that the revolution will destroy their comfort zones. It is in sharp contrast with Haiyan's proud flying and cheerful cries that the grotesque ugliness of seagulls moaning, flying, fear, hiding, sea ducks moaning, frightened and penguins hiding is written to highlight Haiyan's heroic, strong, optimistic and confident image. The author mercilessly attacked them. Image group, a group of "dark clouds", "lightning", "thunder" and "gale", symbolizes the dark forces of counter-revolution. The purpose of writing them rampant is to point out the sinister environment in which Haiyan lives. The second part is about the fierce battle scenes of waves and strong winds, which set off Haiyan's fighting posture with a magnificent background. The third part is about wind, clouds, thunder and electricity, but it is just to set off Haiyan's heroic and exciting call to battle.
In addition, the paper wrote twice that the sea was fighting with wind, clouds, thunder and electricity, reflecting the intensification of revolutionary and counter-revolutionary struggles on the eve of the revolution in 1905; The sea finally defeated the dark clouds and lightning, symbolizing the future of proletarian revolution.
4. How does this article comprehensively use various rhetorical devices?
The comprehensive application of various rhetorical devices has greatly enhanced the artistry of Haiyan and made it reach a high artistic level. In teaching, we should pay attention to inspiring students to understand and appreciate the role of rhetorical devices such as metaphor, personification and repetition in expressing emotions. Pick out typical cases and analyze them repeatedly, and encourage students to express their opinions and make sense.
Between the dark clouds and the sea, Haiyan flies proudly like black lightning.
Metaphor and personification. The metaphor of "black lightning" is accurate and vivid, and few characters show Haiyan's vigorous and brave posture; "Flying proudly" always writes about Haiyan's actions, and "Pride" endows Haiyan with humanity and is an anthropomorphic writing. This sentence highlights Haiyan's brave and aggressive attitude from two aspects: shape and color.
(2) The wind tightly holds the layers of waves and hurls them to the cliff, smashing these large pieces of jade into dust and dust.
The combination of anthropomorphic verbs such as "hug", "throw" and "bold" endows the stormy person with character and behavior, and writes the arrogance of the wind.
The sea caught the arrows of lightning and threw them into its own abyss.
The anthropomorphic "grasping" and "extinguishing" highlight the great momentum and strength of the sea.
(4) This sensitive spirit-it has long recognized sleepiness from the thunderous thunder, and is convinced that dark clouds can't cover the sun-yes, they can't!
Metaphor, personification and repetition. The metaphor and personification of "sensitive spirit" and "from the anger of thunder, I have been sleepy for a long time" show Haiyan's courage and wisdom, and show the foresight and keen insight of proletarian revolutionaries. "Dark clouds can't cover the sun-yes, they can't!" Repeated use and positive tone express unshakable belief in winning.
Practice note
First, read the text with emotion, pay attention to stress, pause and speed of speech.
The purpose of setting the topic is to guide students to understand the characteristics of this passionate and sonorous article by reading aloud.
Second, what kind of image is Haiyan? In this paper, Haiyan is praised. What kind of emotional attitude does the author show?
Intention: To guide students to understand the profound political significance and ideological connotation of the image of "Haiyan" and the author's emotional attitude.
Haiyan is a brave, strong, optimistic, confident and dedicated proletarian revolutionary pioneer image. In the article, the author praised the proletarian warrior like Haiyan and lashed all kinds of selfish and cowardly non-revolutionaries, such as seagulls, sea ducks and penguins. The counter-revolutionary forces represented by "dark clouds" and "strong winds" show the author's emotional attitude of restraining evil and promoting good, and distinguishing love from hate.
In addition to Haiyan, the paper also describes the performance of seagulls, sea ducks and penguins before the storm. Please imagine what Haiyan will think and say to seagulls, sea ducks and penguins when flapping her wings and flying at sea. Try to write a passage on the topic of "Haiyan's Declaration" to fully show Haiyan's psychological activities.
The intention of setting a topic, on the one hand, requires students to use their brains and imagination to deeply appreciate the images in the works, on the other hand, it also exercises students' practical ability.
Haiyan's psychological activities should include the following points: 1. Joy, in stark contrast to the fears of other seabirds; 2. Passion and longing for the storm; 3. Fearlessness and confidence in overcoming the storm. Its dialogue with seagulls, sea ducks and penguins should highlight their completely different mental States, form contrast and conflict, and show Haiyan's emotional attitude of contempt for cowards. Specific expressions can be freely expressed by students.
Fourth, in everyone's life, there are both the warm sunshine of love and the tests of various "storms". What should you do in the face of the storm of life? Try to exchange your thoughts with your classmates on this topic.
Teaching suggestion
In this teaching, teachers are advised to focus on the following teaching objectives:
First, cognitive goals
1. Guide students to understand the profound symbolic connotation of the work as a whole and understand the application and function of symbolic techniques in the text. If conditions and time permit, students can be supplemented with some other reading materials, such as Bing Xin's Little Orange Lantern, Turgenev's Threshold, Zheng Zhenduo's Haiyan and other articles, and read in comparison with this article.
2. Let students understand how Gorky created the image of Haiyan from two aspects: front description and side comparison.
Second, the skill objectives
1. This is a prose poem full of revolutionary passion. We should do a good job of reciting it in teaching, and guide students to understand the poetry, theory and taste of the work through repeated reciting. Understand and master the general characteristics of prose poetry. Pay attention to the three scenes of the work and read it in three parts, and experience the author's emotional changes and the changes of tone and rhythm in these three parts.
2. Distinguish the functions of various rhetorical devices and writing skills, and experience the functions of rhetorical devices such as metaphor, personification and repetition in expressing thoughts and feelings; Understand the usage of contrast and contrast.
Third, emotional goals.
Learn from the heroic revolutionary optimism of proletarian revolutionary pioneers and have a certain understanding of the arduousness and complexity of the revolutionary struggle.
related data
I. Introduction to Gorky
Maxim Gorky (1868- 1936) is a Russian writer, "the greatest representative of proletarian art" (in Leninist), the founder of socialist realistic literature and the mentor of proletarian revolutionary literature. He was born in Nizhny Novgorod (now Gorky), and his father was a joiner, who died young. Gorky was brought up by his grandmother. My grandmother's family is poor, and Gorky, who is 1 1, has to go out to make a living. He used to be an apprentice in a shoe store and an icon workshop, helped cook on a boat, and worked as a porter, sawworker, gardener and baker to make a living. When he was a teenager, he joined a secret group of college students who tended to be populist. All these are Gorky's "universities". After the age of 20, Gorky began to wander around Russia with the purpose of "understanding Russia" and "seeing how people live". During his long wandering, he organized secret groups and carried out revolutionary propaganda while working.
Gorky published his first novel "magal Cudla" on September 1892. Since then, a dazzling star has risen in the Russian literary world.
Gorky wrote many short stories in 1990s, most of which were set in the "bottom" society (such as Malva, Konarov, Chercastle). In Gorky's early works, romantic folklore and fables occupy an important position, such as the story of Ezekiel's mother-in-law, the song of eagle and the song of Haiyan (190 1). Among them, The Song of Haiyan is an inspiring revolutionary horn.
At the end of 1990s, Gorky's creative thoughts became mature. During this period, Gorky published his first famous novel Fermat Goyle Deyev (1899), and then three people came out (1900). In addition, Gorky also wrote many plays of great social significance, such as Little Citizen (190 1), The Bottom (1902), Children of the Sun (1905) and Barbarian (.
Gorky's most famous novel Mother was published in 1906.
Gorky mercilessly attacked the civic consciousness as one of the supporting forces of the old system in many works, such as the novella The Town of Ogurov (1909) and The Life of Matvei Crimean King (191kloc-0/). Gorky's important works published on the eve of World War I include The Story of Italy and The Roaming of a Russian.
In the years of preparing for the October Revolution, Gorky completed the first two autobiographical trilogy-Childhood (19 14), On Earth (19 16), and My University is the third one, which is in/kloc.
After the "October Revolution", Gorky completed the novel Life of the Aldamonov Family (1925), and at the same time created several plays, among which Egor Blichev and others (1932) were famous. Gorky's last novel, The Life of Kerim Samgin, is an epic masterpiece.
Gorky is not only a language artist, but also a critic, political commentator and scholar. Gorky's literary thesis is a great contribution to Marxist aesthetics. In addition, Gorky also engaged in a large number of social activities. He was the editor-in-chief of Our Lady of Red, organized the World Literature Publishing House, and led the work of the first Soviet writers' congress in 1934. At the same time, he is also an advocate and organizer of writing civil war history and factory history. Under his care, he trained a whole generation of Soviet writers.
Second, the creation and publication of Haiyan
Haiyan is a famous prose poem in Gorky's early creative activities.
Haiyan is a song sung by birds at the end of the spring melody. Novels with this ideological tendency could not be published at that time. Gorky first gave it to the messenger in Moscow. During the examination, the prosecutor of books and newspapers wrote the following words on the instructions: "The courier is going to publish the fantasia" Melody of Spring ". In this fantasia, in the form of birds chirping, it describes the emotion caused by the recent student tide in Russian society, and General Ivanov's reconnaissance and investigation of students according to the imperial edict. ..... As for the song of Haiyan, it is a direct incitement, asking everyone to continue to fight against the so-called government that has obviously lost patience. I suggest that Melody of Spring should not be published. "
Then Gorky sent the novel to Life magazine in Petersburg, which was also banned by the authorities. However, the ending part of the novel, Haiyan, was published separately in the April issue of Life, 190 1, which was caused by the negligence of the censors. According to Posey, editor-in-chief of Life magazine, after the October Revolution, "Haiyan was published after being examined in advance by the censor Ye Lageng, but he didn't see anything revolutionary about it." In fact, once the work was published, the czar authorities soon discovered the serious consequences caused by "negligence" and ordered the closure of Life magazine.
(Excerpted from Stories of World Literary Masterpieces, Fujian People's Publishing House, 1983 edition)
Third, the Declaration of Spring Melody Revolution —— Appreciation of Haiyan (Lu Qiyuan)
Gorky's Haiyan is a pioneering work of proletarian literature and a glorious poem with eternal vitality. It is like the melody of spring, the overture of the times and the declaration of revolution. Since its appearance, it has won the love of many readers with its profound thoughts, sharp edge and radical poetry. Its readers transcend national boundaries, times, age, gender and race. Haiyan belongs to the past, the future and the whole world. Gorky vividly depicts the objective scene of the coming storm of nature with high-spirited romantic passion and magnificent artistic brushwork in his works, and profoundly reflects the situation of 1905 that "rain is coming" on the eve of the Russian revolution, implying that the revolutionary storm is coming, the czar's autocratic rule will inevitably collapse and the revolutionary cause will inevitably win. The work gives the most sincere and enthusiastic praise to Haiyan, the vanguard of the proletariat who is not afraid of violence, dares to struggle and dares to win.
Haiyan's basic artistic method is to express his feelings in the scenery and through the scenery. According to his own aesthetic choice, the author endows the natural landscape in his works with different symbolic meanings, and with the help of artistic means such as metaphor, personification and contrast, the subject and object of the symbol achieve a seamless natural harmony. Although the reader sees all the scenes before The Sea Storm, what he sees through the back of the paper is clearly a picture of revolution and counter-revolution struggle. In the works, dark clouds, strong winds and thunder and lightning symbolize the autocratic rule of the tsar and represent the dark reactionary forces. "In the boundless sea, the wind gathers dark clouds", "The dark clouds are getting darker and lower, pressing against the sea" and "burning in the bottomless sea like a blue flame". These words clearly describe the natural meteorological changes before the storm warning, suggesting the collusion of the dark forces, the cruel suppression of the revolutionary movement and the final dying struggle. With the upsurge of the revolutionary situation, the enemy's repression has become more and more rampant, but the historical trend is irreversible. When the revolutionary storm came, the reactionaries perished. At the same time, seagulls, sea ducks and penguins symbolize short-sighted bourgeois social classes and all kinds of opportunists who are afraid of revolution. Facing the coming storm, seagulls "fear" and "groan", trying to escape and "hide in the depths of the sea"; The sea duck groaned and was frightened by the thunder. Penguins are also extremely "stupid" and "cowering", thinking that "hiding their fat bodies under a steep cliff" can avoid the impact of the storm. The panic-stricken mentality of these animals is a true portrayal of the mentality of the bourgeoisie and reformists who are afraid of revolution, covet comfort and just want to preserve themselves, and truly reflects the attitude of the Russian bourgeoisie towards the proletarian revolution around 1905. Between the lines, it is the author's ruthless ridicule and contempt. In the works, the roaring sea symbolizes the awakening of the people's revolutionary forces, the storm symbolizes the coming revolutionary red storm, the sun symbolizes the victory of the proletarian revolution, and Haiyan symbolizes the glorious image of the proletarian vanguard. The author is full of enthusiasm and praises the sea and petrels. In the sinister environment where dark clouds are rolling and white terror is rampant, in sharp contrast to the cowardice and panic of seagulls, the sea turns up "foam", rolls up "spray", sings, "rushes into the clouds to meet thunder" with a heroic attitude, and "extinguishes lightning like a golden arrow" in its own abyss; "Haiyan flies proudly like black lightning", "One moment its wings touch the waves, the other moment it flies into the sky like an arrow", brave, enthusiastic, angry and happy, "full of longing for the storm" and "convinced that dark clouds can't cover the sun". The initiative of the sea, the thunder and lightning fighting, and Haiyan's excitement and enthusiasm for the coming of the storm are vivid manifestations of the revolutionary firmness and revolutionary optimism of the revolutionary people and proletarian pioneers. The subject and object of symbol can be said to be a harmonious state. Even without imagination and association, readers can find the real intention hidden behind the paper and understand its symbolic significance through the description of these objective scenery.
Environmental contrast is another successful artistic technique of Haiyan. As mentioned above, various natural scenes before the storm symbolize that the revolutionary storm is about to erupt. This is the typical environment and specific background of Haiyan (revolutionary). The author's description of Haiyan in this stormy class struggle is helpful to fully show Haiyan's heroic and tenacious noble character and firm and optimistic heroic spirit, and make Haiyan's image full of flesh and blood and righteousness. According to the change of time, the work writes different natural scenes in three stages of "the storm is coming". The transformation of these three different scenes shows that the situation is becoming more and more sinister and the class struggle is becoming more and more fierce. The image of Haiyan is set off and revealed step by step in the scene transformation. We saw that before the storm came, "the wind gathered dark clouds on the boundless sea" and "thunder rumbled" in the air. In this environment, Haiyan "flies proudly like black lightning", sometimes "wings touch waves" and sometimes "flies into the sky like an arrow", which is both "shouting" and "joy" and full of expectations for the storm. Haiyan's optimistic and indomitable revolutionary spirit forms a sharp and powerful contrast in environmental description. When the storm comes, the dark clouds are getting darker and darker and the environment is more sinister, Haiyan is braver, more excited and more active. It passes through the dark clouds like an arrow, and its wings blow up the water droplets of the waves, flying, laughing and shouting. It despises darkness, laughs at dark clouds, "hears drowsiness from the anger of thunder", sees the enemy's essential weakness clearly, and is convinced that "dark clouds can't cover the sun" and the revolution will win. When the storm is coming, "piles of dark clouds, like blue flames, burn on the bottomless sea …", the situation is even more cruel and the reactionaries are even more arrogant. Faced with this situation, Haiyan appeared calm and stable, and issued a cry of "A storm is coming" and "Let the storm come more violently" with the attitude of a victory prophet. It can be said that without the description of the environment, the image of Haiyan cannot be displayed. It is because the environment is well written that Haiyan can have a place to show her character. Of course, the description of Haiyan's environment (scenery) not only serves the theme expression and sets off the image of Haiyan, but also brings a strong lyrical atmosphere to the works and enhances the artistic appeal.
(Selected from A Grand View of Chinese and Foreign Prose Poetry, Baihua Literature and Art Publishing House, 1996)
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