Private enterprise, referred to as the name of private enterprise, company or enterprise category, has different views on the concept of private enterprise in economic circles. One view is that private enterprises are legal person economic entities with private investment, private operation, private enjoyment of investment income and private undertaking of business risks. Another view is that relatively state-owned enterprises can be divided into state-owned private enterprises and private private enterprises according to different forms of ownership. The property rights of state-owned private enterprises belong to the state, and the lessee shall, in accordance with the requirements of the market economy, raise funds by itself, operate independently, be responsible for its own profits and losses and bear its own risks. Private enterprises refer to individual enterprises and private enterprises. After more than 20 years of reform and development, the private economy has overcome the shortcomings of weak foundation and congenital deficiency, and has become an important part of the national economy and the most active economic growth point in the national economy. Objectively speaking, the development of private enterprises is changing from the primary stage to the intermediate stage and developing in a more reasonable and scientific direction.
Judging from the formation of private enterprises in China, there are mainly the following forms at present: family-owned enterprises that start from self-employed households and gradually accumulate and develop, or are directly invested by family members; Friends and colleagues participate in joint ventures; State-owned or collective enterprises transformed by acquisition, etc. Its characteristic is that the ownership of an enterprise belongs to one or a few investors, and its shares are constantly dispersed and socialized. Therefore, on the whole, although private enterprises have the advantages of high degree of marketization, flexible operation and light social burden, there are inevitably some problems in the development of private enterprises in China. In law and policy, the status of private enterprises is still lower than that of state-owned enterprises, and the status of private economy is also lower than that of public economy; The legal security problems of private enterprises have intensified, for example, the structural adjustment of the government in the coal industry is at the expense of the basic rights of private coal miners; Macroeconomic policies change frequently, mainly to maintain growth, but policy changes often infringe on the property rights of private enterprises, such as credit control and financial repression policies, which lead to financing difficulties for private enterprises.