data
Before the plastic restrictions were issued, China used 654.38 billion plastic bags and more than 2 billion other plastic bags to buy food every day. Since the implementation of plastic restriction for 7 years, the use of plastic shopping bags in supermarkets and shopping malls has generally decreased by more than 2/3, and the cumulative reduction of plastic shopping bags is about 1.4 million tons. However, several take-away platforms consume at least 7 billion plastic packaging bags every year.
survey
The minority began to replace the majority, wait and see.
In a large supermarket around Dadonghai Square in Sanya, the reporter saw that the original non-degradable plastic bags had been removed from the shelves. "Shang Chao, the fresh packaging materials, rolled bags and shopping bags in the bazaar will all be replaced before the end of the month." According to an operation manager, some degradable plastic bags have been put on the supermarket shelves.
In several shopping malls in Hefei, the reporter noticed that Starbucks, KFC, McDonald's and other chain catering enterprises have partially or completely replaced the packaging bags with paper bags.
However, due to the year-end deadline of plastic ban and plastic restriction and the obvious increase of use cost, this substitution is not universal.
In the Dawn Store of Yonghui Supermarket in Fuzhou, we see that the shopping bags provided here are mainly non-degradable traditional plastic bags, and degradable plastic bags are only used to package some ready-to-eat foods. Because the plastic limit order does not require supermarkets to roll bags continuously for sub-packaging, supermarkets provide them free of charge, so many customers use this small plastic bag to package goods in large quantities, which consumes a lot.
In terms of food packaging and take-away service, it is found that all platforms have the option of "no tableware", some shops have lunch boxes to choose from, and environmental protection lunch boxes need to be charged extra, but there is no provision for outer packaging bags at present. The reporter's investigation found that some shops began to use non-woven bags and paper bags as outer packaging, but most shops still use traditional plastic bags.
"Isn't this the end of the year?" "There are still many traditional plastic products in stock, so we have to use them first and then change them." "By the deadline, we will stop using non-degradable shopping bags." ...... Many merchants hold a wait-and-see attitude towards plastic ban and plastic restriction.
Degradable plastic bags are difficult to popularize, and the high price is the main factor.
Price is the most important factor affecting the promotion of degradable plastic bags.
Generally, the traditional plastic bags used in supermarkets are one in 0.2 yuan, one in 0.3 yuan, and the degradable plastic bags are about 1 yuan. Lin Qiu, logistics category coach of Yonghui Supermarket Gulou District, said: "The price of degradable plastic bags is about three times higher than that of traditional plastic bags. If the plastic bag is replaced by degradable one, only one bag will be rolled, and each store will spend 200,000 more per month. "
The high price of degradable plastic products is mainly due to the shortage of raw materials. According to the research data of Weng, Secretary General of Degradable Plastics Professional Committee of China Plastics Association, it will take a little time to realize large-scale substitution from the current production capacity of degradable plastic raw materials. The output of plastic products in China has reached 8 1.84 million tons, while the global production capacity of PLA is only about 280,000 tons, including about 50,000 tons in China.
Cai, head of Hainan Chuangjiada Biotechnology Co., Ltd., said that the raw materials of traditional plastic products are about 7,000 yuan per ton, while the raw materials of biodegradable plastic products are more than 30,000 yuan per ton.
In addition, plastic products are easy to use and cheap, and the experience of replacing products cannot be compared with them.
suggestion
The government implements price subsidies and strengthens market supervision.
Anhui Fengyuan Group's project with an annual output of 50,000 tons of polylactic acid has been put into production, and the project with an annual output of 300,000 tons of polylactic acid is currently under construction. In order to strive for a stable supply of raw materials, more than a dozen enterprises, such as Shandong Zhengkai New Materials, Henan Suzhong New Materials and Jiangsu Da Yue Home Textiles, all plan to set up factories near the PLA production base, which shows the tension.
"The bio-based degradable material industry represented by polylactic acid is a strategic emerging industry encouraged by the state. Where conditions permit, relevant enterprises can be encouraged to expand production capacity, solve the shortage of degradable plastic raw materials and reduce the cost of degradable plastic products. " Yao Risheng, a professor at the School of Food and Bioengineering, Hefei University of Technology, said.
Some companies are also worried that degradable plastic products will be counterfeited. Hu Zhigong, general manager of Hainan Rentian Degradable Plastics Co., Ltd. believes that if the supervision can't control fake and inferior degradable plastic products, or non-degradable plastic products continue to be widely used, it will be difficult for degradable plastic products enterprises to survive.
"Manage regular factories, but not small workshops; Can manage the big supermarket, but can't manage the canteen. " All along, small workshops, vegetable markets, small shops, etc. It is difficult to enforce the plastic limit order.
Xu Hua, director-general of Haikou Ailan Environmental Protection Service Center, and others suggested that in the case that it is difficult to reduce the price of degradable plastic products in a short period of time, government departments can appropriately reduce the pressure on merchants and consumers through price subsidies. At the same time, strengthen market supervision, investigate and deal with illegal production, sale and use of non-degradable plastic products, and ensure the implementation of relevant policies on plastic ban and plastic restriction.