Tailstock, this idea is the most straightforward, the plane stops on the ground, that is, the nose faces the sky and is placed vertically. The layout of the plane is very common, but several wheels are installed at the rear tips of the horizontal tail and the vertical tail as landing gears. When taking off, if the pulling force exceeds its weight, it can be perpendicular to the sky, and then control the plane to dive down and become a level flying posture. Before landing, the plane should also change from horizontal flight to vertical attitude, and then slowly land vertically with reduced power or thrust.
There have been three successful test flights, and it has been proved that it is possible to fly from vertical attitude to horizontal attitude and from horizontal attitude to vertical attitude. First, XFY- 1,1manufactured by Conville Company of the United States made its first flight in August, 1954. In the same year1October 2, the flight was successfully transferred, with the power of 1 1 turboprop engine and the maximum power of 5850 shaft horsepower. The other is the X- 13, 1 Avon jet engine of Ryan Company in the United States, with the maximum thrust of 4535kg, 1955, 1957, 165438+. In addition, there is a C.450-0 1 testing machine of French state-owned aero-engine research and manufacturing company, which adopts annular wings and is equipped with1Atar)101E+0E jet engine, with the maximum thrust reaching 3,700kg, and in May/KLOC-0. It is understood that the Soviet Union also conducted similar aircraft tests.
Since then, this kind of vertical take-off and landing aircraft has not been developed, mainly because there are too many problems that must be solved, especially when landing, the plane has to turn vertically upwards, and the pilot is equivalent to lying flat with his eyes facing the sky, and he can't see anything on the ground, so he can't directly estimate the height from the ground. The difficulty of operation can be imagined.