Most small and medium-sized enterprises are the performance before the industry matures. In recent years, with the obvious improvement of the development level of the industry, the profit space of small and medium-sized enterprises is being squeezed in all directions, and the living environment is becoming increasingly severe. The data shows that in 2009, the number of feed processing enterprises in China was 1229 1 family, a year-on-year decrease of 132 1 family, down by 9.7%; In 20 10, the number of enterprises 10843 decreased 1448, a decrease of 1 1.8%.
At present, China's feed industry is in the period of industrial adjustment. It is understood that during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China will accelerate the construction of a modern feed industry system. Vigorously develop high-quality, safe, efficient and environmentally-friendly feed products according to the principle of "raising the threshold, reducing the quantity, changing the mode, increasing the benefit, strengthening supervision and ensuring safety"; Encourage competition among feed production enterprises, establish a credit system for feed industry, and implement a quality and safety management system for the whole production process; Coordinate the international and domestic markets, strengthen the development and utilization of feed resources, and strive to build a safe, high-quality and efficient modern feed industry system. The influence of industrial policy adjustment and the change of industrial environment will lead to the improvement of industry threshold, and then eliminate a number of enterprises. It is predicted that the collapse tide of small and medium-sized feed enterprises will be even greater in the future. Some experts predict that in the next five years, more than 30% feed enterprises will voluntarily or passively withdraw from the market competition.
Second, the production cost is high and the profit margin is squeezed.
China feed raw material market has gradually integrated with the international market. Affected by natural disasters, resource reduction and international trade, the price of feed raw materials has remained high in recent two years, which directly pushed feed products into the era of high cost. As the downstream of the feed industry is aquaculture, the increase in cost will directly raise the market price of livestock and poultry products, and the price change of livestock and poultry products is related to the lives of the general public. As a result, feed prices have risen.
There can be no big growth in space, otherwise it will cause social instability.
At the same time, with China entering the era of high labor costs, the labor costs of the feed industry are also rising year by year. Especially at present, the severe form of inflation at home and abroad has boosted a series of costs such as manpower, raw materials and capital in feed enterprises. Because most large-scale one-stop enterprises set up their own feed factories to reduce production costs, the profit rate of feed products is now the same as that in the 1980 s and 1990 s
Compared with the 1990 s, it has dropped significantly, and this trend has not weakened. With the large-scale promotion of aquaculture, the decline and regression of feed product profit rate is an objective law, and this process will continue until the industrial integration is basically completed.
Third, capital operation is accelerated and social resources are more concentrated.
At present, the production scale of feed enterprises in China is growing steadily, the competitiveness of enterprises is obviously enhanced, the number of enterprises is obviously reduced, and social resources are gradually concentrated in the hands of large enterprises. In 20 10, there were 30 feed enterprises or enterprise groups with an annual output of more than 500,000 tons, accounting for 42% of the national total output, increasing by 13 and 17% respectively compared with 2005.
With the expansion of enterprise production scale and the enhancement of socialization function, some enterprises in the leading position in the industry have sought listing, and the capital operation of feed enterprises has become a force worthy of attention in the capital market. From the old listed feed enterprises such as New Hope, Tongwei, Zhongmu and Zheng Hong, to the newly listed feed enterprises such as Tiankang, Tianbang, Zhengbang, Dabeinong, Haida, Jinxinnong and Tang Renshen in recent years, and the feed enterprises such as Hefeng and Twins that will be listed soon, the number of them is in a leading position in the animal husbandry industry. With the improvement of the maturity of the feed industry, its labor-intensive and capital-intensive industrial characteristics gradually appear and occupy a dominant position, and the feed industry has entered the capital era. It can be expected that with the development of the industry, more feed enterprises will seek listing, and the social resources of enterprises will be more concentrated, which is conducive to the overall upgrading of the industry.
Fourth, fine farming management, the level of specialization highlights the competitiveness of enterprises.
In recent years, the emergence of the inflection point of the trend of large-scale and refined farming has brought opportunities for the accelerated integration of the industry, and the pace of alliance, reorganization and merger of the feed industry has obviously accelerated. With the withdrawal of retail investors from the large-scale breeding process, in the feed industry, which is still very scattered at present, the competitive advantage has enabled outstanding enterprises to demonstrate the ability of sustainable growth.
At present, large-scale aquaculture enterprises generally adopt more efficient and refined multi-level feeding methods, which require specialized feed production, which puts forward higher requirements for feed enterprises in animal nutrition research, formula technology, production technology, quality control and technical services. Small and medium-sized feed enterprises do not have the low-cost advantages of centralized procurement and large-scale production, nor do they have multi-level feed.
Third, the service marketing network and team building that can not support the requirements of multi-level feed sales will accelerate the withdrawal in the new round of market competition, leaving sufficient market space for outstanding enterprises. Under this opportunity, enterprise groups with high professional production level, mature service marketing model and powerful refined channel management will steadily gain returns beyond industry growth and gradually realize a small increase in net profit margin.
Fifth, there is a shortage of feed resources, and there is a large space for developing unconventional feed.
China is not rich in feed resources. Soybean meal production mainly depends on imported soybeans, and the import dependence is about 75%, and the import dependence of fish meal is also above 70%. The consumption of feed corn has exceeded1.1million tons, accounting for 64% of the annual corn production in China, and the supply of corn is becoming increasingly tight. In the long run, with the continuous development of aquaculture and feed industry, the contradiction between supply and demand of bulk feed raw materials will be further aggravated, and it is an inevitable trend that the price of feed raw materials will continue to rise and fluctuate more frequently. At present, under the situation that the prices of corn and soybean meal are high and the profit rate of feed products is declining, the dietary structure dominated by corn and soybean meal in China is being impacted by the market.
In the future, there will be more and more miscellaneous grains and meals in the market. At present, DDGS (corn distiller's grains protein), goose raised by straw fermentation and livestock raised by straw silage are widely used in feed industry, which are typical cases of unconventional feed utilization. It is understood that during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, China's straw consumption will increase by100000 tons, the utilization rate of forage straw will reach 50%, and the quality treatment level of non-grain feed resources with large stocks such as miscellaneous meals, dregs and food processing by-products will be significantly improved. In the next step, the state will promote the construction of demonstration bases for producing high-quality protein by using animal processing by-products, and the construction of demonstration bases for producing high-quality protein by using food industry waste residue through microbial fermentation. This is a major business opportunity for the development and utilization of unconventional feed, which can alleviate the shortage of feed resources to some extent.
Advocating energy conservation and emission reduction, low-carbon and environmentally-friendly feed production has broad prospects.
At present, there is a widespread problem of resource waste in feed production in China. In order to achieve special effects, some manufacturers often adopt unscientific feed preparation methods, such as deliberately raising the levels of protein, calcium and phosphorus. Because livestock and poultry can't be fully digested and absorbed, they can't play an effective role, but also cause waste of resources and environmental pollution, which is not conducive to energy conservation and emission reduction.
In the new era, the development of feed industry in China will achieve the following goals: obvious progress has been made in the research and development and popularization of environmentally friendly feed products such as low nitrogen and low phosphorus, the use of minerals, trace elements and pharmaceutical feed additives in feed products is more standardized, and the energy consumption per unit output value of feed industry is steadily decreasing. To this end, the relevant departments are planning to select a number of large-scale feed production enterprises, establish a demonstration base for efficient utilization of feed resources in protein, and combine amino
Acid balance technology, to carry out production and demonstration of low soybean meal, low fish meal and low nitrogen feed products. It can be seen that the development of new feed with low phosphorus, low nitrogen, low carbon and environmental protection has a broad market space under the general environment that the whole society is committed to promoting energy conservation and emission reduction.
Seven major changes in the production form, bulk feed will achieve rapid development.
China's feed production has been very close to the international advanced level, and it is also an industry with a high level of specialization. With the further clarification of social division of labor, the specialized distribution of feed products will be the future development direction. In some developed countries and Taiwan Province Province of China, special bulk batching trucks have been widely used. Although this form also exists in Chinese mainland, it is mainly used for the distribution of broiler feed, and many of them are made by large enterprises.
Yes, there are not many real commercial operations. This business model can not only improve the automation level of feed processing and feeding management, but also save packaging costs and labor costs, shorten feed storage time, improve feed utilization rate to a certain extent, and promote the development of equipment manufacturing enterprises.
It is reported that in the future, the state will increase its support for the technological transformation of the feed industry, adopt advanced production equipment and technology, reduce processing loss and improve processing efficiency, encourage feed production enterprises to promote the "factory-to-factory docking" sales model, popularize the bulk transportation and storage technology of compound feed, reduce the cost of intermediate links between packaging and sales, and take the road of circular economy development. This is a big technical system. Although it is not widely used at present, preparations are being made in this field, from bagged feed to canned car transportation, and some standards are designed, from the detailed standards of feed factories, the standards of transport vehicles to the standards of farms and feed conveying equipment, and there are a whole set of technical system construction problems, which will also be the future development trend.
Concerned about food safety, feed products have been given new connotations.
In recent years, there have been many food safety problems in China, among which problems related to feed quality have also occurred from time to time, such as milk containing melamine, eggs, pork containing clenbuterol and so on. These food safety problems are all in the process of feed production and use. Some consumers mistakenly think that chicken contains hormones, and some irresponsible media point out that the hormones in chicken come from the addition of feed. All the above misunderstandings make
The production and operation behavior of feed industry has aroused widespread concern from all walks of life.
Feed production in the new period has surpassed animal husbandry and is closely related to the lives of ordinary people. From May this year 1, the new Regulations on the Management of Feed and Feed Additives came into effect. With the coming into effect of the new Regulations on the Management of Feed and Feed Additives and the increasing concern of consumers about food safety, feed enterprises will become more rational and realistic when choosing additive products, and the research and development direction will be closer to reality.
Under this premise, producing antibiotic substitutes such as microecological preparations, reducing or even not using antibiotics and some public sensitive additives, and improving food safety level will be the key direction that feed enterprises need to break through, with broad development space.
9. Change the mode of operation, extend the industrial chain and disperse market risks.
Specializing in the refining, refining and expansion of feed industry,
It is our tradition to be strong, and now this tradition is first challenged in the broiler industry. It is universally acknowledged that it is difficult to have a single commercial broiler feed producer in the future, and it is necessary to implement integrated management from breeding to hatching, feed supply to epidemic prevention, breeding to slaughtering and processing, so as to disperse the production and operation risks of enterprises. At present, many enterprises have realized this.
In recent years, new changes have taken place in the production and operation mode of feed industry. A number of large feed enterprises have extended their industrial chains to breeding, slaughtering and processing, becoming the backbone of aquaculture industrialization. For example, New Hope has built a complete industrial chain of pig and poultry breeding, feed production and food processing. Zhengbang and Aigefei have entered the field of pig breeding in recent years to build the pig industry chain. Other enterprises either set foot in livestock and poultry breeding, or set foot in veterinary drugs, vaccine production, food processing and other fields. In the future, the change of management mode of feed industry will be more prominent, because only by extending the industrial chain can we better improve our ability to resist risks. It is expected that extending the industrial chain will become the mainstream choice for the first-line feed enterprises in the next step.
The buyer's market has come, providing value-added services and winning the industry terminal.
In the seller's market period, as long as the feed is lacking in the market, it can be sold regardless of the quality. Even if there is a problem in the process of breeding, which causes some losses, it may not be considered as a quality problem of feed. Exhibition, product promotion meeting and order meeting have become effective channels for enterprises to promote products. In the process of feed industry changing from seller's market to buyer's market, the customers of breeding terminals are becoming more and more picky, which is actually one of the mature performances of breeding terminals and can also enhance the competitiveness of feed enterprises.
In the new era, farms not only require qualified feed quality and low price, but also need feed enterprises to provide effective after-sales service, even full-time nanny service. Besides paying attention to how to raise poultry well, they also hope to get more valuable market information and improve their production and operation level. Because feed enterprises have limited access to information, if they can provide valuable information such as business analysis and prediction, investment and profit analysis and market risk analysis on the basis of providing high-quality feed products, they will actively win the trust of users and realize real value-added services. Therefore, feed enterprises must effectively combine sales and service. When selling products to farms, we should also provide after-sales service to achieve timely, convenient and all-round technical services. Author: Pei Zi
(Article Source: China Poultry Industry Guide, Author: Nongbo. com)