From three aspects, the IT Internet industry in China, the United States and India, generally speaking, the software industry in the United States is strong and the Internet industry is strong. Whether Americans do system software or application software, or in other words, whether they do industrial infrastructure construction or applied ecological construction, the United States is the highest in the world today. Thanks to the strong education and talent introduction program in the United States, top talents all over the world are willing to study, live and work in the United States.
China's traditional software is average and the Internet is powerful, which has a lot to do with our ability to imitate without innovation. In addition, our country is a supermarket with a population of 654.38+0.4 billion, which is the largest consumer market in the world. At the same time, we adopt a relatively closed policy in the Internet industry, which makes many foreign Internet giants, such as Google and Facebook, unable to enter the China market well. On the other hand, Internet companies in China can innovate well, so the Internet in China is developing well. Traditional software innovation is difficult, so it is difficult for us to develop.
India is strong in traditional software, but the internet is not so good. The reason why Indian traditional software is strong is that India's outsourcing is very strong. On the contrary, India adopts a relatively open Internet strategy. After international giants enter the Indian market, they are not restricted by policies. After the giants take root, it is difficult for startups to break out of these fields. So India's traditional software industry is good, but the Internet industry is average.
India is the software "Foxconn". A lot of outsourcing, to be exact. Just like the OEM in our country, the software industry in India is similar in nature, but in terms of industrial structure, the software industry is more like an intelligence-intensive enterprise, while the OEM field is more like a labor-intensive industry. Indian software outsourcers, such as famous TCS, Infosys, Wipro, HCL, etc. , are very famous in the industry, and can be said to be Foxconn in the software field.
After 40 years of development, India has become the second largest traditional software production base outside the United States and the largest outsourcing software production base in the world. In 20 14, the industry revenue exceeded10 billion USD, accounting for 7.5% of India's GDP in that year. Among these incomes, overseas income accounts for 69 10 billion US dollars.
Under the influence of many traditional software giants, such as Microsoft, Oracle Bone Inscriptions, IBM, etc., it is basically difficult for the American software industry to produce too many original software giants. Just like any other country in the world, it can only seek outsourcing as a giant to supplement the industry. Similarly, due to India's relatively open Internet strategy, it is difficult for India to develop too many Internet companies. Except for China, other countries are similar. Giants such as Google, Facebook and Amazon have taken root in India and it is difficult to kill a competitor.
India has a famous IIT. India is good at training professional managers. It's not that Indian Institute of Technology is really better than American famous schools, but that the teaching system of Indian Institute of Technology is seamlessly connected with the United States. Indian Institute of Technology can cultivate students' good engineer culture and make Indians feel at home in Silicon Valley.
The reason why India is good at training software and internet talents is mainly because India has produced the famous IIT. The Indian Institute of Technology has one of the lowest admission rates in the world. There is a rumor in India that only students who can't be admitted to IIT will go to MIT, Stanford, CMU, UCB and other famous IT schools in the United States. Even rumors reflect the status of Indian Institute of Technology in the eyes of Indian people.
IIT is powerful mainly because of two factors. India teaches in English. No matter how strange their pronunciation is, their students use English textbooks directly, narrowing the gap with British and American education. At the same time, IIT has a strong engineer culture and its main goal is to train engineers. Indian engineer culture far exceeds that of China, and even crazier than that of the United States in many aspects. You know, MIT and Stanford have a strong engineer culture, but this is more obvious in India. Being an engineer in the eyes of Indians means going to Silicon Valley in the United States to change your life.
In the eyes of many Indians, it is basically a process from an engineer to a professional manager to finish an undergraduate course in a school represented by IIT and Bangalore University in India, then a master's degree in a prestigious school led by Stanford and Massachusetts Institute of Technology in the United States, and finally an MBA degree in some business schools. Microsoft CEO Nadella and Google CEO Pi Zha Yi are both Indians.
In fact, people who eat melons in China often look down on India, but we have to say that India is still quite powerful in the field of software and even IT. Not to mention that the CEOs of well-known Internet companies such as Microsoft and Google are all Indians (ahead of China, and the CEOs of the top ten Internet technology companies in the world are not from China or China). More importantly, it is said that 50% of the software in the United States is outsourced to India. So to some extent, it can be said that without Indians, American software companies will go bankrupt.
However, there is another voice on the Internet, saying that the development of India's software industry is a false prosperity, which is likely to be a huge bubble.
Why do you say that?
1. Lack of giant companies and top talents.
Whether it is Microsoft, Google or Alibaba, they are not Indian companies, but China and the United States. And among the top talents, both the CEO of Google and the CEO of Microsoft are actually Indians, not Indians. After all, they are considered Americans, not Indians.
Although India is known as the "office of the world", the software industry is indeed very developed and serves the world. But don't be too arrogant. After all, they are basically engaged in some low-end software outsourcing business, lacking core competitiveness.
2. To dominate the software industry, we should not only outsource, but also look at the industrial chain resources.
To put it simply, if we want to lead the world in the software industry, we must attract talents who truly master the core technology of software and cultivate or incubate software companies like Microsoft and Google. At the same time, the ability to control the software industry chain should be strong enough, such as the semiconductor industry, which is closely related to the software industry. But in fact, it is very difficult for China to accomplish these tasks, not to mention it is almost impossible for India.
Brain drain to the United States is very serious.
India can indeed train hundreds of thousands of talents in the software industry, especially code farmers. Unfortunately, India does not have supporting software and hardware to welcome talents. Top people are often attracted to the United States, and may even be attracted to China in the future.
Cultivating talents and using talents are two different things. A few years ago, we all talked about the brain drain from China to the United States, but in fact, with the rapid development of China's economy and mobile Internet, more and more talents returned, and even the institute was built in the United States. But India can't do it now, and it will take time.
But it doesn't mean that India has no advantage.
Especially in the United States, Indians and Indians are more United and like to fight in groups, which is actually a great advantage.
In short, a country's industrial level is closely related to its comprehensive national strength, and only a country with strong economic strength can cultivate and retain talents. After all, the supporting facilities of education, transportation and medical care, and even the living environment are closely related to its economic strength, which is also the fundamental reason why India's software industry cannot form a climate.
When I was in junior high school, my geography teacher told me never to underestimate India. In fact, China is good at hardware, but he doesn't have the advantages of Indian software. Indeed, Indian software has always been considered quite important by many people. Even, you will find that CEOs such as Microsoft and Google. They are all Indians, and they also graduated from India Institute of Technology, a famous Indian institution, or IIT for short!
In fact, although Indian software performed well a long time ago, great changes have taken place in Indian software industry now, and its advantages have gradually disappeared.
Although 1999 India established the Ministry of IT Industry, in those years, India created various software miracles.
However, you must see that India seems to have excellent software. In fact, it is only India's software outsourcing industry that is in the leading position in the world, because there are countless software industrial parks here, and the major software giants in the world mainly contract software development business here. This is not that their software is powerful, but that they have formed an industrial scale.
However, I can tell you:
In fact, fosys, Satyam Computer Service Company and HCL Technology Company in India are basically outsourcing software companies in India, and they are really powerful. Unfortunately, like Foxconn, they are working for foreign brands every day. I really can't find the Indian software I am familiar with.
Some time ago, India banned hundreds of China apps, and many Indians discovered an embarrassing fact at that time, that is, so many commonly used softwares in daily life were made in China, and none of Indian companies could play them! However, I have to admit that India's software industry is still quite strong, only limited to project outsourcing, and other aspects are terrible. As for why this happens, I think there are three main reasons.
The local economy is still very backward. If you pay more attention to the Internet industry, you will find that the rapid development of many Internet companies is largely due to the progress of science and technology and the popularity of computers and mobile phones. For example, our most advantageous mobile payment, many of us still need to use cash if it is not for 4G networks and mobile phones to enter thousands of households, and it is difficult to develop mobile payment.
What is the current situation in India? Generally speaking, economic construction is still very backward. Relevant data show that about a quarter of people are still in areas without electricity. Many people are still struggling near the poverty line and can only maintain food and clothing every day; As of 20 19, the penetration rate of mobile internet in India is less than 30%, and the vast majority can't afford smart phones. The absence of smartphones and computers means that most Indians cannot become effective users of Indian Internet companies.
This factor has seriously restricted the development of Internet enterprises in India.
If local enterprises can't gain a foothold in China and accumulate enough user resources and funds, they naturally don't have enough strength to develop abroad, which is also an important reason why there are few Indian software in other countries.
The brain drain in India is also an important reason why Indian local network enterprises can't develop, that is, a large number of talents flow abroad. According to relevant data, India has the largest brain drain in the world. About two-thirds of talents go abroad every year, and most of them never come back. The flow of talents is mainly in the United States, and many industry giants have Indian executives.
In fact, it is easier to understand that if a talent stays at home, there are basically few decent local enterprises, and the most is to make an outsourcing company bigger and stronger. What about going abroad? It not only means higher salary, but also a bigger stage to realize your dreams. Anyway, going abroad is definitely more exciting.
However, there is nothing that can be done. At present, India has only two choices, either to develop its economy rapidly or to provide sufficient welfare policies for talents. However, judging from the current situation, India has not paid enough attention to brain drain, and naturally lacks interest in both methods. If Indian Internet talents don't want to be hired at home and abroad, they can only leave abroad, and the brain drain will continue.
In fact, from the overall situation, although India's software outsourcing has earned enough profits from abroad every year, it has also caused great harm to India's Internet industry.
What is the biggest feature of software outsourcing industry? I think it is a lack of innovation. We just need to get the customer's needs and do everything according to the requirements. There's nothing to innovate at all. The more Indian internet companies participate in outsourcing, the fewer companies can independently research and develop, and the gap in the domestic market naturally gives other foreign companies an opportunity.
After India banned hundreds of apps in China, a large number of shanzhai apps appeared in India, which not only had the same functions, but also basically had the same product logo. For example, what I show in my picture is the familiar cottage version of eggplant. Basically, more than a dozen apps have not changed significantly on the logo. Without face and skin, it can be copied completely, even for Indian enterprises without innovation.
Generally speaking, the probability of an Internet giant in India is far less than that in China. Unless the internet environment in India can be greatly improved in the future and enterprises can pay more attention to the domestic market, their internet enterprises will always be outsourced wage earners.
There are many software outsourcing businesses in India. In the United States, many technical visas are given to Indian IT engineers. Microsoft and Google have many Indian IT workers. Indian software is mainly used for export. Due to the vigorous development of outsourcing software, there are few local brands and intellectual property rights.
Commonly used software, windows was developed by Indian programmers.
The software in India is not good. Architecture and function library, which are very important in software design, are not good in India. Software is equivalent to building a house. Senior programmers in China do the work of design, planning and construction, but after these jobs are finished, they still need cement, brick moving, brick laying and plastering ... Who will do these jobs? Of course, leave it to Indian programmers.
Why do Indians move bricks? Relying on the industrial transfer from Europe and America to India, outsourcing the software brick moving industry to India and doing it in Bangalore, India, people in other regions will not benefit.
Even so, the Indians didn't do very well. From the product point of view, Apple's iOS and Mac OS are outsourced to Indians for development, and bugs are flying all over the sky, which is nicknamed curry flavor system by users. Judging from the respondents' life experience, Indian code farmers are a disaster. The code writing is not standardized at all, and it is difficult to maintain and communicate directly. They have strange accents and very lazy attitudes. They sent them an email and didn't reply the same day. A delay of two or three days is not a problem. Even if we do, it's all kinds of wrangling. Seriously, Indians are probably the most irresponsible race in the world.
As for the status in Silicon Valley, for example, in Microsoft, not only is the code well written, but it also undertakes the task of communicating with team members and subjectively explaining the value of their work to superiors. Although the programmer code written by Brother A San is not so good, he can wholeheartedly climb up professionally, express himself and show himself, and he is very gregarious and exclusive. As long as one of Brother Sam gets into the top, all his men will become Brother Sam at once. IT doesn't matter that an IT engineer in San has poor programming ability. As long as you can communicate well with the top leaders above, you can assign these tasks to the bottom code farmers according to their understanding.
Many people have a messy impression of India, but it is undeniable that Indian education, especially elite education, is excellent.
According to relevant statistics, one-third of the engineers in Silicon Valley are of Indian origin, and 7% of the presidents of high-tech companies in the United States are Indians.
Among the top 500 companies in the world, Indian CEO has the largest number of foreign CEOs. Including the CEOs of Google and Microsoft. The proportion of Indian companies in Silicon Valley is 15.5%.
Indian universities; Indian Institute of Technology, one of the most difficult universities in the world, only many graduates went to Silicon Valley for further study after graduation.
Most software companies in India outsource software. For example, many parts of Microsoft Windows operating system were developed by Indians. This has also caused the backwardness of Indian software.
The major software companies in India include Infosys, Satyam Computer Services and HCL Technology. But its software products are not very famous.
I happen to know your lines better.
India's IT industry is relatively developed. For example, the executives and department heads of many IT companies in Singapore and the United States are also Indians. One of the characteristics of Indians is that they dare to speak English no matter how they speak it, and they are more gregarious.
Let's talk about it in India. There is a big gap between the rich and the poor. This industry is also relatively profitable and can go abroad, so some college students and even high school students will participate in IT training. Study hard. But their efficiency in developing software is not as good as that in China, and it takes many days to complete a small demand. Judging from the current development, China is much faster than them in both e-commerce and social software.
Commonly used software is rarely used in China, and the interactive experience of their software development may not be suitable for local users in China.
India has a developed software service industry.
American software such as windows may have codes written by Indian programmers, but windows does not belong to Indian software. Working as a programmer in a software company and writing software code are two completely different things.
Indian brand software has never been seen in China. China is a big manufacturing country, and there is a strong demand to improve efficiency and reduce costs. All these are done by local it enterprises in China, and nothing has happened in India.
The so-called software industry in India is actually a coolie of European and American software companies, doing the dirtiest, heaviest and least technical work.