Shanghai Petrochemical Company Limited
China Petrochemical Company Limited
China Petroleum Company
Mi energy
Petroleum) refers to a mixture of gaseous, liquid and solid hydrocarbons. It is a naturally occurring viscous dark brown liquid called "industrial blood".
Petroleum is divided into crude oil, natural gas, natural gas liquid and natural tar, but it is customary to use "oil" as the definition of "crude oil". There are oil reserves in some areas of the upper crust, the main components of which are a mixture of alkanes, cycloalkanes and aromatics, which is one of the main targets of geological exploration.
There are two theories about the mechanism of petroleum formation: biological deposition and petrochemical formation. The former is widely accepted that oil is formed by the long evolution of organisms in ancient oceans or lakes, which belongs to biological deposition and cannot be regenerated.
The latter thinks that oil is generated by carbon in the earth's crust, which has nothing to do with living things and is renewable. Petroleum is mainly used as fuel oil and gasoline, and it is also the raw material of many chemical industrial products, such as solutions, fertilizers, pesticides and plastics.
The ancient Egyptians and Babylonians developed and utilized oil a long time ago. The Chinese name "Petroleum" was first named by Shen Kuo, a great scientist in the Northern Song Dynasty.
The nature of petroleum varies from place of origin, with a density of 0.8-1.0g/cm3, a wide range of viscosity, a great difference in freezing point (30-60 degrees Celsius), and a boiling point ranging from normal temperature to over 500 degrees Celsius. It is soluble in various organic solvents and insoluble in water, but can form an emulsion with water. But the composition and appearance of oil in different oil fields can be very different.
Petroleum is mainly used as fuel oil and gasoline, which constitutes one of the most important secondary energy sources in the world.
Petroleum is also the raw material of many chemical industrial products, such as solvents, fertilizers, pesticides and plastics. 88% of the oil produced by 20 12 is used as fuel, and the other 12% is used as chemical raw materials. In fact, oil is a non-renewable raw material.
The world's ocean area is 360 million square kilometers, which is about 2.4 times that of land.
The continental shelf and continental slope are about 55 million square kilometers, which is equivalent to the sum of the areas of onshore sedimentary basins. 1/4 of the proven oil resources on the earth and 45% of the final recoverable reserves are buried in the seabed. The center of gravity of the world's proven oil reserves will gradually shift from land to sea.