Extended data
1 is a special fiber made of carbon. It has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, friction resistance, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance. It is fibrous and soft, and can be processed into various fabrics. Because its graphite microcrystal structure is preferentially oriented along the fiber axis, it has high strength and modulus along the fiber axis. Carbon fiber has low density, so its specific strength and specific modulus are high.
2. The main purpose of carbon fiber is to be used as a reinforcing material, compounded with resin, metal, ceramics and carbon to make advanced composite materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composites have the highest specific strength and modulus among existing engineering materials.
Since 3 1982, Toray, Dong Bang, Japanese Carbon Company, Hercules Company of the United States, Celanese Company and Courtaulds Company of the United Kingdom have successively produced high-performance products such as high strength, ultra-high strength, high modulus, ultra-high modulus, high-strength medium modulus and high-strength high modulus. The tensile strength of carbon fiber is increased from 3.5 GPa to 5.5 GPa, and small-scale products reach 7.0 GPa. The increase of modulus from 230 GPa to 600 GPa is a major breakthrough in carbon fiber technology, which makes its application and development enter a new high-level stage.
Since 4, 198 1, asphalt science has made great progress, and several new technologies for preparing mesophase pitch have been developed, such as the former mesophase method of Kyushu Industrial Laboratory in Japan, the new mesophase method of Exxon Corporation in the United States and the potential mesophase method developed by Gunma University in Japan. These technologies have promoted the development of high-performance pitch-based carbon fibers.
5. Subsequently, Japan's Mitsubishi Chemical Company, Osaka Gas Company and Nippon Steel Company successively built a number of high-performance carbon fiber production plants with different specifications. Its characteristic is that the modulus increases and the strength also increases. In 1980s, pitch-based carbon fiber flourished.