I. Fairness
1. Equity is a comprehensive right of personal rights and property rights enjoyed by shareholders of a limited liability company or a joint stock limited company. That is, equity is the right enjoyed by shareholders based on their shareholder qualifications to obtain economic benefits from the company and participate in the company's operation and management.
2. Equity is the share of shareholders' capital contribution to the start-up company, that is, the equity ratio, which directly affects shareholders' right to speak and control the company and is also the basis of shareholders' dividend ratio.
Second, the main classification of equity
1, self-interest right
That is, shareholders have the right to enjoy benefits based on their own contributions. For example, the right to share dividends, the right to distribute property when the company is dissolved, and the preemptive right when other shareholders do not agree to transfer their capital contribution. This is the right that shareholders exercise for their own interests.
2. Beneficial right * * *
That is, shareholders have the right to participate in the operation and management of the company based on their own capital contributions, such as voting rights, supervision rights, the right to request shareholders' meetings, and the right to consult accounting statements and account books. This is the right that shareholders exercise for the benefit of the company and also for their own benefit.
Third, the equity pledge.
The so-called equity pledge, that is, equity pledge, is a pledge of rights. The most common situation is that when the major shareholders of listed companies are short of money, they pledge their shares to financial institutions, such as banks, securities and trusts. , in a certain period of time, so as to obtain loans, to alleviate the pressure caused by short-term liquidity shortage. This is a financing method commonly used by major shareholders. According to Article 223 of the Property Law, transferable shares can also be pledged.
Fourth, the way of equity incentive:
There are three main incentive models, namely restricted stock, stock option and virtual equity.
Equity incentive is about the art and knowledge of "shares are scattered and people are scattered". The core of equity incentive is to make core employees truly become the owners of the company. Employees who get equity are no longer employed workers, but shareholders of the company and owners of the enterprise. However, equity incentive is not employee welfare, but a struggler dedicated to the company's cause. Equity incentives are scarce for struggling employees in a company, and wages and bonuses are given to ordinary employees. The most valuable struggling talent in the company should get equity.