"Per capita profit" is an important indicator to measure enterprise performance, and its calculation method is to divide the company profit by the total number of employees. Generally speaking, the higher the per capita profit, the higher the productivity of employees and the greater the contribution to enterprises.
A few days ago, Expert Market, a business resource company, analyzed the data of 100 of the Fortune Global 500 companies, and found that although Apple made the most money in the last fiscal year, the profit per employee was $393,853 (about RMB 2.58 million), which dropped to the seventh place among all companies.
Which company ranks first? What industry has a particularly high per capita profit? Which China companies are on the list? Let's have a look.
20 most profitable companies in the world? Four are from China.
According to the expert market, American mortgage giant Fannie Mae ranked first, with a per capita profit of $654.38+$7590. Freddie Mac, another mortgage giant, ranked third, with a per capita profit of $654.38+$306 million. The post-80s generation may remember that the subprime mortgage crisis in 2008 was a large number of loans (that is, subprime loans) due to insufficient credit. Now it seems that both institutions have done quite well.
Gilead Sciences, a biopharmaceutical company, ranked second, with a per capita profit of over $654.38+$5,000.
In many people's minds, Internet companies are the most profitable. But the top three in this list are all from more traditional industries-mortgage providers and pharmaceutical companies. Average distribution to each employee, the average profit of Facebook ranked fourth was $599,307, less than half of that of the third place. This is because Facebook has more than 65,438+07,000 employees, almost three times as beautiful as the premises with only 5,982 employees.
In addition, among the 100 seats in this list, 30 companies (including banks) come from the financial industry, and the number one is the tenth Goldman Sachs Group.
As you can see, eight of the top 10 companies are American companies. Among the top 20 companies, 12 is an American company, and among the remaining 8 companies, there are 4 China companies, 2 Australian companies, 1 Japanese company 1 company and 1 British company 1 company. Among the top 20 enterprises in China, TSMC, Tencent, Shanghai Pudong Development Bank and Industrial Bank ranked 9th, 14, 16 and 20th respectively.
It is worth noting that Wal-Mart, which once ranked first in the Fortune Global 500 list and also ranked in the top 20 of the "most profitable companies" list, fell directly to the 99th place in this list-because its 2.3 million employees are too large.
According to Business Insider, among the Fortune Global 500 companies in 20 17 years, 32 companies have female CEOs, but in terms of per capita profit, the highest ranked company is Oracle Bone Inscriptions Company led by safra catz, ranking 55th.
Is per capita profit a good indicator?
What kind of company is a successful company? Large scale, high income, high market share, high profit, large number of people and high market value ... In fact, there are many standards. But if there are two companies, A and B, the total profit of A company is higher than that of B company, but because there are more employees, the per capita profit is less than that of B company. How to judge who is more successful?
For example, according to public information:
Tencent's net profit in the third quarter was 20 171740,000 yuan (RMB, the same below), and the number of employees (as of August 2017) was 40,678, roughly calculating the per capita profit of 422,000 yuan.
In the third quarter of 20 17, Alibaba's net profit was174.04 million yuan, with 73,780 employees (as of June 20 17), and its per capita profit was roughly 235,900 yuan.
The net profit of Momo 20 17 in the third quarter was 5180,000 yuan, while the number of employees was only 985 (as of the end of March of 20 17), and the per capita profit was roughly 525,900 yuan.
Although Ali's per capita profit was lower than Tencent's in the same period, in fact, in the eyes of the public, the two are still inseparable. Interestingly, if we only look at the per capita profit, Momo, who is much smaller than the first two, seems to have stronger earning power than Ali and Tencent. But can you assert which company's employees can make more money for the company?
Or is per capita profit a good indicator?
In the early 1930s, American mathematician C.W.Cobb and economist Paul H. Douglas used a famous mathematical formula to express the relationship function between output and input, namely Cobb-Douglas production function. There are only two variables in the formula, one is labor and the other is capital. That is to say, there are two factors closely related to output: the input of labor and the use of capital, and both labor and capital determine output. And according to the relative intensity of labor and capital in the production process, industries can be divided into labor-intensive industries and capital-intensive industries.
Because it is labor and capital that determine the output, it can also be said that the input and efficiency of labor and capital determine the profit of the enterprise. Other things being equal, if we increase the investment of capital and keep the investment of manpower unchanged, it will bring a certain degree of profit increase, and the per capita profit will also increase; However, if we only increase manpower input and keep the total amount of capital used unchanged, in this case, although the total profit will increase, it will be distributed to more people, and the per capita profit may also increase, or it may remain unchanged or even decrease.
Based on the above analysis, it has been pointed out that per capita profit cannot explain the differences in people's production efficiency and the reasons for the differences. Even without considering many factors such as the management of enterprises and the influence of enterprise culture on production efficiency, the production mode of enterprises (labor-intensive or capital-intensive) and the per capita occupation of capital by employees will have great differences on per capita profits. It is debatable to use per capita output or per capita profit as an index to measure "earning ability".
We can compare the per capita profit level of the same business type, such as whether there is a gap in the per capita profit of microfinance loan officers between different branches, and what is the reason for the gap, just like comparing two apples which tastes better.
However, we can't compare the per capita profits of two different types of enterprises, enterprises of the same type, enterprises with different main businesses, or even different departments within an enterprise, just as we shouldn't compare apples with oranges, ants with elephants.
One is that it is impossible to compare, and the other is that even if there is a so-called result after comparison, it will only be misleading and lose its practical significance.