State-owned enterprises refer to enterprises owned and controlled by the state or government. In China, state-owned enterprises include central enterprises and local enterprises. Central enterprises refer to enterprises directly managed by the State Council, such as China Petroleum, China Petrochemical and China Telecom. Local enterprises refer to enterprises managed by local governments, such as state-owned enterprises in various provinces and cities.
In addition, according to the nature and business scope of enterprises, state-owned enterprises can also be divided into the following categories:
Energy resource-based enterprises: such as China Petroleum, China Petrochemical, State Grid, etc.
Manufacturing enterprises: such as China FAW and China Second Automobile Aviation Industry Group Corporation.
Financial enterprises: such as China Bank, China Construction Bank and China Agricultural Bank.
Information technology enterprises: such as China Telecom, China Mobile and China Unicom.
Construction real estate enterprises: such as China Construction, China Railway Construction, China Resources Land, etc.
Transportation enterprises: such as China Railway Corporation and China Post Group Corporation.
Pharmaceutical enterprises: such as Sinopharm Group and China Resources Medicine.
Cultural enterprises: such as China Publishing Group and China Film Group.
It should be noted that the classification of state-owned enterprises is not absolute, and different enterprises may involve multiple fields or industries. In addition, with the change of market environment and the development of enterprises, the nature and business scope of state-owned enterprises may also change.
To sum up:
State-owned enterprises refer to enterprises owned and controlled by the state or government, including central enterprises and local enterprises. According to the nature and business scope of enterprises, state-owned enterprises can also be divided into energy and resource-based enterprises, manufacturing enterprises, financial enterprises, information technology enterprises, construction real estate enterprises, transportation enterprises, pharmaceutical enterprises and cultural enterprises. With the change of market environment and the development of enterprises, the nature and business scope of state-owned enterprises may also change.
Legal basis:
Article 64 of the Company Law of People's Republic of China (PRC) stipulates that the provisions of this section shall apply to the establishment and organization of wholly state-owned companies; Where there are no provisions in this section, the provisions in the first and second sections of this chapter shall apply.