June 26th, 2000 is a memorable day in the history of human life science. US President Bill Clinton announced at the White House that the draft human genome has been drawn and the preliminary sequencing of all human genes has been completed. This major research achievement marks a key step in the process of human research.
Now people are familiar with the Human Genome Project (HGP). They usually compare HGP with Apollo moon landing program and Manhattan atomic bomb program. Biologists emphasize that HGP is the most ambitious scientific project for human beings to systematically understand themselves, and it is the first global cooperation plan for human beings to systematically and comprehensively interpret and study human genetic material DNA. From the perspective of great scientific significance, economic benefits and social benefits, HGP is undoubtedly the most prominent of the three.
So what exactly is HGP that people attach so much importance to?
We know that the genetic material of all living things is DNA, and its sum is genome. As far as the human genome is concerned, it refers to all DNA sequences and structures necessary for the synthesis of protein and/or polypeptide chains and RNA in various functional human cells. The synthetic human genetic material is the human genome, which consists of about 3 billion base pairs distributed in 23 pairs of chromosomes in the nucleus. The human genome project is to determine all the DNA sequences of the human genome, so as to interpret all the genetic codes and reveal all the mysteries of life.
In a short article published in the journal Science from 65438 to 0986, Dubock, a Nobel Prize winner, took the lead in proposing a plan to dissect the human genome comprehensively. 1988, the plan was officially approved by the U.S. congress, and it was approved in 1990, 10, 1