1) During the start-up period, the organization and process of the enterprise are not formal, but everyone is highly United and the core figures of the enterprise can exert influence on everyone, so the efficiency is very high. The main problem faced by enterprises is the innovation of markets and products.
2) In the growth period, the business of the enterprise develops rapidly, from a single product to multiple product lines; The number of personnel has increased greatly, and cross-departmental coordination has become more and more complicated and difficult; The main problems faced by enterprises are the balanced growth of organizations and cross-departmental cooperation.
3) In the mature period, due to the gradual weakening of innovation and entrepreneurial spirit, the rigidity of enterprise organization and process is becoming more and more serious, and the process operation is difficult and inefficient; As a result, most enterprises went into decline, and a few enterprises entered the period of sustainable development after drastic business changes, realizing the pursuit of sustainable management (such as IBM and GM).
Generally speaking, an enterprise refers to a legal person or other social and economic organization that uses various factors of production (land, labor, capital, technology and entrepreneurial talents) to provide goods or services to the market in order to obtain profits, and implements independent operation, self-financing and independent accounting.
In the category of commodity economy, as one of the various modes of organizational unit, according to certain organizational rules, an organic economic entity generally aims at profit, maximizing the interests of investors, customers, employees and the public, and exchanging income by providing products or services. It is the product of social development, and develops with the development of social division of labor.
Enterprises are the main body of market economic activities; Under the socialist economic system, the coexistence of various enterprises constitutes the micro-foundation of the socialist market economy. Enterprises have three basic organizational forms: sole proprietorship, partnership and company, and corporate enterprise is the most important and typical organizational form in modern enterprises.
Modern economic theory holds that enterprises are essentially "a mechanism of resource allocation", which can realize the optimal allocation of the whole social and economic resources and reduce the "transaction cost" of the whole society.
Type of enterprise
(1) It is divided into sole proprietorship enterprises, partnership enterprises and corporate enterprises according to the mode and responsibility of investors.
(2) According to different investors: domestic-funded enterprises, foreign-funded enterprises and enterprises invested by Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan businessmen.
(3) According to the ownership structure, it can be divided into enterprises owned by the whole people, collective enterprises and private enterprises.
(four) according to the different points of responsibility of shareholders to the company; Unlimited liability company, limited liability company, joint stock limited company.
(5) Joint ventures, associated companies and associated companies by credit rating.
(6) parent company and subsidiary company.
(seven) according to the scale can be divided into large enterprises, medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises.
(eight) according to the economic sector can be divided into agricultural enterprises, industrial enterprises and service industries.