As soon as I opened the car door, a pungent stench rushed down the wind, making people unable to breathe. Back in the car, the pungent smell has instantly permeated the car, and you can only barely breathe after wearing a mask.
The four evaporation tanks are arranged in sequence from south to north, with a length of about 200-300m, a width of more than 100 and a depth of more than 2m. Using GPS positioning, the geographical display shows that the north latitude is 37 38 ′ 03 ″, the east longitude is105 01′ 52 ″, and the altitude is1305m, which is obviously higher than the water surface of the Yellow River not far from the south.
A middle-aged man stood outside the swimming pool and covered his nose with his coat. He is the worker Qiao Wuhu who works here. "The southernmost pool is No.1 pool, and the northernmost pool is No.4 pool. That's useless. " 49-year-old Qiao Wuhua is from Wulanchabu. He and his workmates officially entered the stadium on August 1 2065438.
Joe Wuhu said that when he first came in, the first three evaporation pools were all black liquid. "There are more than half a meter thick, with sewage above and sticky sediment below. Pumping the water from their No.1 pool and No.3 pool to No.2 pool, the bottom mud of No.1 pool is being treated, mainly by pouring slaked lime into it, stirring it with an engineering forklift and neutralizing it. "
"The corrosion is terrible, even the tires are corroded."
Each evaporation pool is 250m long and180m wide.
Five engineering forklifts are working in the pond. First, the slaked lime is shoveled into the pool, then pushed, so that the bottom mud reacts with the slaked lime to reduce the acidity of the high-concentration acidic waste liquid and the bottom mud, and finally pushed into a pile within a certain distance. No one at the scene can tell the specific composition of the sediment, but after reacting with hydrated lime, some turn brown, some turn orange, and more are black.
"It's all chemical plants. Very dirty. The driver worked in it for more than 20 minutes and had to come out to slow down. Although wearing a gas mask, the smell is still too strong, which is really unbearable. " Qiao Wuhu said.
The panting driver said that the liquid and sediment in the pool are "very corrosive, even the tires are corroded, and gloves and clothes will change color if they are not careful."
A reporter saw at the scene that part of the pool wall of 1 has collapsed due to corrosion, exposing the corroded impervious cloth, and the pool wall behind the impervious cloth has also been seriously corroded.
From 2009 to 20 12, four evaporation tanks were built successively. In an interview with Alashan Tengger Economic and Technological Development Zone, Allard Tu, the stationmaster of the monitoring station of the Environmental Protection Safety Supervision Bureau in this area, said that in addition to seepage prevention, there are five observation wells around the four reservoirs.
According to the original design, many chemical plant wastewater in Tengger Industrial Park will be directly discharged into the evaporation pool through underground pipelines without any treatment and collected here. The sewage outlet near the evaporation pool is still clearly visible. It is easy to find sewage pipes in the desert along the southbound evaporation pool. Some of these PE pipes with a diameter of at least 30 cm have been sawn off and completely abandoned.
This kind of "preferential" investment: chemical plants regardless of sewage and waste liquid.
Local herdsmen confirmed that it is rare for chemical plants to directly discharge sewage into the desert since the completion of these evaporation pools.
An official in the development zone admits that "the problem of pollution discharge and pollution control in industrial parks has a long history, because there are many problems left over from history, which leads to many environmental debts and difficult comprehensive management." He confirmed that in the past ten years, the management and enterprises of Tengger Industrial Park knew that there was no local processing capacity.
Tengger Chemical Industrial Park (now called Tengger Industrial Park), established in 1999, has attracted dozens of eastern chemical enterprises to invest and build factories here, mainly focusing on alkali sulfide projects. These highly polluting enterprises produce tens of thousands of tons of alkali sulfide, p-anisidine and o-phenylenediamine, sulfur dyes and sodium thiosulfate every year.
"As a preferential condition to attract investment, the park helps various enterprises to treat sewage and waste liquid. This policy is very competitive, because for chemical enterprises, the investment in sewage and sewage treatment is very large. If this investment is lost, it is equivalent to a significant reduction in production costs. " The person in charge of a chemical plant that has moved away said, "Before the evaporation pool is useless, it can only be directly discharged into the desert, and there is no place to transport it directly. Everyone knows. "
A reporter got a "sewage treatment project construction project environmental impact report form", which clearly stated the general situation of sewage treatment project construction:
"There are no sewage treatment facilities in the park, and a large amount of wastewater is directly discharged into the surrounding low-lying areas without treatment, causing serious pollution to the park and its surrounding surface and groundwater. According to statistics, the total annual output of industrial sewage in the park has reached 520,000 tons. "
The report was completed on May 22, 2008, and finally wrote, "The construction of this project is very necessary."
How to deal with thousands of tons of pollutants is a problem.
Perhaps because of this EIA report, the park began to build the above four evaporation pools in succession the following year. During this period, Tengger Sewage Treatment Plant also started the project construction, which was originally planned to be put into use for more than one year. Due to the influence of capital and technology, it was officially put into production on 20 13. However, at the end of 20 12, the comprehensive pollution control of the park began, and 15 enterprises stopped production and moved. This sewage treatment plant is extremely inefficient, receiving less than 100 tons of industrial sewage every month.
Ma Bajad, director of the Environmental Safety Supervision Bureau of the Development Zone, confirmed that since March 22, 20 13, chemical enterprises in the park have completely stopped production, and no industrial sewage has been produced since then. Ma Bajard had previously told the media that "with personal guarantee, not a drop of sewage entered the evaporation pool after 2065438+March 22, 2003", which caused widespread doubts. His colleagues sympathize with the director who is caught in the whirlpool of public opinion, "because these residual pollutants are difficult to deal with."
As for the tens of thousands of tons of pollutants left by the evaporation pool, the Development Zone Management Committee has established cooperation with Nanjing Institute of Environmental Science and will propose a treatment plan. The institute has come up with a preliminary plan, which adopts drying evaporation method in advance, dredging and replacing first, filling hydrated lime to dry and solidify the pool mud, repairing the evaporation pool, and then carrying out harmless treatment on the pool mud. The timetable for rectification and harmless disposal is still uncertain. Chen, head of the development zone management Committee, said that after treatment, the evaporation pool will be changed into a reservoir, which will be stored in winter and irrigated in summer.
"The problem has come out. For the long-term development of the local area, this rectification includes not only the remnants, but also the environmental protection facilities of sewage treatment plants and enterprises. " Meng Zhaojun, member of the Management Committee of Tengger Economic and Technological Development Zone and Minister of Party and Mass Department, said.
Zhai Qing, Vice Minister of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, and the North China Supervision Center of the Ministry of Environmental Protection visited the local area on September 14. The local area has started to sign relocation compensation agreements with a number of chemical enterprises in the park, and then tested the soil and shallow groundwater in each factory area for risk assessment and ecological restoration.
In the past, it was normal for chemical plants to discharge directly into the desert.
Tengger Industrial Park is less than 20km to the south and enters Zhongwei, Ningxia. There is a chemical enterprise named "Ningxia Ming Sheng Dyeing and Chemical Co., Ltd." (hereinafter referred to as Ming Sheng Dyeing and Chemical Co., Ltd.) near the junction of the two places. As the largest manufacturer of reduced materials in printing and dyeing industry in China, its old factory was declared permanently closed by Zhongwei Municipal Government at the beginning of this month.
"Because the enterprise illegally discharges pollutants, the municipal government has issued a notice to the company to permanently close the factory, and has not rectified and resumed production. Their new factory has started construction in the beautiful garden industrial zone, and the investment in environmental protection facilities is very large. " Yuan, deputy director of the Propaganda Department of Zhongwei Municipal Committee, said.
So-and-so Shenghua Chemical Co., Ltd. set up a factory in 1997. The business owner is from Jiangsu, and the products are mainly dye raw materials. According to the local government website, due to outdated production technology and lack of environmental protection facilities, "sewage has been discharged directly for a long time, and it was neutralized only after 2004."
Many environmental protection volunteer organizations in China have been following and paying attention to the pollution of chemical enterprises in Tengger Desert, and direct discharge is the norm, which makes them worry.
A reporter noticed that the shape of the desert near the chemical industry park has changed significantly. In some low-lying areas, purple or dark brown sand appears immediately after floating sand is removed. "The waste water and waste residue of chemical enterprises contain high-concentration acidic liquid, which is likely to have infiltrated into the ground. Previously, environmental protection organizations tested groundwater and found that phenols exceeded the standard by more than 400 times, but they were not recognized and valued by the local government.
The biggest concern is that harmful substances will enter groundwater or permeate and spread. Desert pollution is the most difficult to control and recover.
An enterprise in Wuwei, Gansu Province discharged pollutants into Tengger Desert.
Ronghua Company is a private enterprise in Liangzhou District, Wuwei City. It is one of the first batch of 15 1 leading enterprises in agricultural industrialization in China and a pilot enterprise of circular economy in Gansu Province. In August, 20 1 1 year, the company moved from Liangzhou to Shagou, a distribution center in the east of the city 1 1 km, and implemented relocation, technical transformation and expansion, and planned to build a project with an annual output of 300,000 tons of corn starch and/kloc-0.20 million tons of glutamic acid. In May 20 14, the main production projects of the project were basically completed, but the pollution prevention facilities were not completed simultaneously.
After investigation by the incident investigation team and preliminary judgment by experts from the Institute of Water Science of Beijing Normal University, the National Environmental Emergency Expert Group and the Environmental Planning Institute of the Ministry of Environmental Protection, Ronghua Company put into trial production without approval and set up underground pipelines to discharge production wastewater into the desert. 20 14 A total of 20 1654 tons was discharged from May 28th to March 6th. Among them, 187939 tons is used for greening irrigation of trees on both sides of Rong Sheng desert highway invested by Ronghua Company, and 837 15 tons is directly discharged into the desert hinterland by laying underground pipelines.