I. Survey background
Plastic shopping bags are consumables in daily life, and China consumes a lot of plastic shopping bags every year. Plastic shopping bags not only provide convenience for consumers, but also cause serious waste of energy resources and environmental pollution due to excessive use and insufficient recycling. In particular, ultra-thin plastic shopping bags are easily damaged and most of them are discarded at will, which has become the main source of "white pollution". The complete degradation of plastic bags takes 100 years, so the disaster it brings to the survival of water, air, soil, animals and plants on the earth is fatal.
On June 35438+February 3, 2007, the General Office of the State Council issued the Notice on Restricting the Production, Sale and Use of Plastic Shopping Bags: From June/Kloc-0, 2008, the production, sale and use of plastic shopping bags (ultra-thin plastic shopping bags) with a thickness less than 0.025mm are prohibited nationwide. The system of paid use of plastic shopping bags shall be implemented, and all supermarkets, shopping malls, bazaars and other retail places shall implement the system of paid use of plastic shopping bags, and plastic shopping bags shall not be provided free of charge.
Second, the purpose of the investigation
Accordingly, under the call of the Youth League Committee of the College, the Social Practice Group of the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of China University of Mining and Technology used the summer time to investigate the implementation of the "Plastic Restriction Order" and the subsequent use of plastic bags. In order to achieve the following objectives:
1. Investigate whether the Environmental Protection Bureau of the relevant municipal departments has taken measures in response to the requirements of the national "plastic restriction order", what measures have been taken, what achievements have been made, what difficulties have been encountered, and how to solve them. Understand the level of consumer support for government work. In order to study and analyze, form a report and put forward suggestions for the work of this department.
2. Investigate the implementation of the plastic limit order, visit shopping malls, supermarkets and farmers' markets, investigate the implementation of the plastic limit order, dig deep into the problems and analyze the causes of the problems.
3. Understand the consumer's acceptance of the "plastic limit order". Questionnaire survey of consumers, statistical survey data, to understand the "plastic limit order" accepted by the majority of consumers, to explore the impact of the new law on consumers. Find problems from the investigation and find solutions to them, so as to respond to relevant departments and help put forward countermeasures.
4. Understand the situation of plastic bag manufacturers, and discuss the influence of "plastic restriction order" on related enterprises. Investigate the development direction of large and small enterprises and the difficulties encountered in the process of changing production after the introduction of the new law, and whether the state has measures to help them change production.
5. Go deep into the community to publicize the implementation and significance of the "plastic limit order". It is suggested that everyone consciously reduce the use of plastic bags, improve the public's awareness of environmental protection and jointly safeguard the green home.
Three. interviewee
1, staff of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau; By visiting the relevant personnel of the Environmental Protection Bureau, I hope to know what measures the relevant departments have taken against the "Plastic Restriction Order", how effective it is, what difficulties it has encountered, and how environmentalists view the Order.
2. The person in charge of supermarkets in large and small shopping malls; Visit the person in charge of shopping malls and supermarkets to learn about the implementation of the "plastic limit order" in shopping malls, the difficulties encountered in the implementation of the "plastic limit order" and the views and attitudes of merchants towards it.
3. The public and consumers; Through the investigation of consumers, we can understand the degree of consumers' acceptance of the "plastic restriction order" and analyze the attitude of consumers to the "plastic restriction order" and the reasons for this attitude.
4. Some plastic bag manufacturers; Understand the challenges and opportunities faced by plastic bag enterprises after the "plastic limit order" and analyze the relevant countermeasures.
Fourth, the survey results.
(a), the Environmental Protection Bureau focused on publicity, environmental protection "package" home.
Members of the practice team visited the mission center of the Municipal Environmental Protection Bureau and learned that the mission center of the Environmental Protection Bureau mainly adopted three measures:
1, self-run ecological environment newspaper, special issue to promote "plastic limit order". Director Chen, the person in charge, gave us a detailed introduction to the contents of each section, from the release of the plastic restriction order to the consumer's response when 1 was implemented in June, and then to the proposal of accepting the plastic restriction order and rejecting white pollution. Director Chen introduced that more than 3,000 copies of Eco-Environmental Protection Newspaper were presented to all units of the bureau, nearby citizens and enterprises, and the masses responded well.
2, homemade shopping bags, presented to the public. Director Chen said that all members of the Environmental Protection Bureau made shopping bags and distributed them to the public free of charge on the second day after the implementation of the "plastic restriction order", and advocated that everyone should bring their own shopping bags when shopping.
3. Distribute leaflets to introduce the laws, regulations and policies related to the Plastic Restriction Order and the harm of white pollution to the public, and further increase publicity and enhance the effect.
When asked about his attitude towards the "plastic limit order", Director Chen said that he personally supported the "plastic limit order". He said: "After all, we are doing environmental protection work and are well aware of the dangers of white pollution. Their non-degradability and toxicity are a great threat to our environment and health, and they are easy to cause soil and water pollution and indirectly endanger our health. We should set an example and try to make people around us use less plastic bags. " At the same time, he attaches great importance to the role of propaganda, emphasizing that propaganda must conform to the people's mentality and carry out propaganda in a way that is easy for the people to accept. At the same time, he said that the propaganda work done by his department is still lacking, but it has played a certain role. As for the difficulties encountered, Director Chen said that most of them are consumers' ideas and habits: the implementation effect of the "plastic restriction order" in large supermarkets and shopping malls will naturally be better, while the vegetable market is scattered and cannot be managed centrally. Without convenient bags, it is really inconvenient for people to buy food after work, and it is difficult for consumers to change their habits formed over the years at once. Many people give me packages and whose dishes I buy, which hinders publicity and implementation.
(b) The paid use of plastic bags has paralyzed the work of supermarkets, and the situation in the vegetable market is worrying.
1. Supermarket merchants expressed their support and took measures to deal with the "plastic limit order"
In view of the fact that supermarkets are the main places where people shop and plastic bags are widely used. We mainly investigated the shopping malls in the city center. The survey found that all large supermarkets and most small supermarkets have adopted the plastic bag payment system. The cashier in charge of Xinyijia Supermarket introduced the relevant measures taken by its supermarket to deal with the "plastic limit order": supermarkets charge for using plastic bags according to the documents issued by the state; Sell environmental protection bags. According to the interview, the prices of plastic bags provided by supermarkets are mostly between 0.2 and 0.5 yuan, and the prices of environmental protection bags are between 3 and 5 yuan. And all kinds of cloth bags are sold in supermarkets, with prices ranging from 3 to 9 yuan.
The person in charge of the cashier of Xinyijia Supermarket said that individuals are very supportive of the "plastic limit order", but it is not easy for consumers to accept it immediately. This needs to be done slowly, but so far, no consumers have complained about the paid use of plastic bags. He also told us that after the implementation of the "plastic limit order", the use of plastic bags in this supermarket decreased by 3/4, which saved a lot of money for the mall and achieved great results. In addition, he also said: "The mall will implement this measure, and environmental protection is also the goal of our mall."
2. It is difficult to "limit plastics" in the farmers' market, and it is difficult for vegetable merchants.
Compared with the strict implementation of the "plastic limit order" in supermarkets, the implementation of the vegetable market is much worse. The statistics of the questionnaire results show that 47.44% people can still enjoy free plastic bags occasionally, 9.30% people often enjoy them, and the place where more than 90% people can enjoy free plastic bags is the vegetable market. We mainly went to the vegetable market opposite Wenchang Campus. According to the survey, more than 80% vendors have heard of the "plastic restriction order", but we can still see that ultra-thin plastic bags are still widely used here. A chef selling vegetables said that each plastic bag costs 20 cents, but for this 20 cents, they often have to explain to consumers for a long time, and some people still don't understand. Some consumers also heard that plastic bags cost extra, but they left the weighed dishes. Some vegetable vendors say that most consumers have bags to buy and have to use them. It can be seen that the "plastic limit order" did not play a big role in the fruit stalls outside the farmers' market and supermarkets.
(3) "Plastic Restriction Order" is generally accepted by consumers, but environmental protection is a habit.
Among the consumers surveyed, most people understand the harm of white pollution and understand and support the "plastic limit order" issued by the state. In the survey, we found that many consumers bring their own shopping bags and will only buy them if they forget to bring them. Most people say that they can accept the "plastic limit order" and consciously try to reduce the use of plastic bags: an aunt who is a decoration worker sincerely said to me, "I don't know much, plastic bags are harmful, so I will use them less in the future." If the country has already said it, then support it. "Aunt carefully folded the leaflet and put it in her pocket, saying that it would look good after finishing the work. An old man also said: From the perspective of environmental protection, we must support the "plastic limit order". Although we were not used to it at first, we are used to life without plastic bags and to the vegetable basket.
4. "Plastic Restriction Order" has not trapped leading plastic enterprises, and small enterprises have closed down.
As the leading producer of plastic bags in China, over 70% of its products are restricted, which has become the focus of this action. In early 2008, Huaqiang was dissolved. On April 18, Qiang Hui Atomic Company resumed its work. After the successful transformation, Qiang Hui Company once again became the focus. Due to geographical constraints, on July 17, we interviewed Manager Song of Henan Suiping Plastic Industry Development Co., Ltd by telephone. Manager Song warmly introduced to us the company's serious implementation of the national "plastic limit order".
According to Manager Song, in April, 2008, the company was informed of the national notice to restrict the production of ultra-thin plastic bags. Company leaders attached great importance to this and immediately instructed relevant technical units to start product transformation. Because the production machinery used in the factory is produced by the production department of the factory, there is not much mechanical resistance. Through the joint research of researchers and technicians, the company's new products passed the acceptance of relevant departments in Suiping on May 15. On may 18, the new products began to be listed nationwide, and there were many orders. At present, the company mainly produces thickened plastic bags and sells them to supermarkets and fruit packers. Now the company has 3000 front-line workers, and thousands of film blowing machines are running at full capacity, processing orders from home and abroad.
According to reports, the company mastered the plastic degradation technology several years ago, and will invest more money in degradable plastics in the future, actively considering the production of reusable shopping bags. Manager Song has talked about corporate responsibility many times, and thinks that as a leader of the industry, he has the responsibility to make his own contribution to building an environment-friendly and economical society, and at the same time actively undertake the task of upgrading the technical level of the industry. When asked how to treat the "plastic restriction order", Manager Song readily said that this is a policy that is conducive to social development and the company understands and actively supports it. At the same time, the company also believes that this is an opportunity to change the product structure, so that the company can better play its technological advantages and enhance its competitiveness.
However, as far as we know, many small plastic bag factories in Henan Province have closed down, and Qiang Hui Company has resumed its former busyness. Most of these factories are family-run and have no formal business licenses. However, the implementation of the "plastic restriction order" still seriously affected the local economy.