Generally speaking, organic solar cells are solar cells with organic materials as the core part, which mainly use organic materials with photosensitive characteristics as semiconductor materials to generate voltage and current through photovoltaic effect, thus achieving the effect of solar power generation. It is worth mentioning that, unlike the large-scale solar panels installed on the roof, this technology can be converted into electricity with only a small amount of sunlight.
In fact, the strategic layout of Samsung and Apple in solar cell technology has a long history: in 2009, Samsung introduced solar cell technology into a few products ("Blue Earth" and "Crest Solar" mobile phones) to charge them; The previously launched Android platform mobile phone cells also provides optional accessories for the back shell of solar cells, and will also launch 10 inch netbook NC 215s; Equipped with solar cells; On the other hand, Apple has applied for many solar technology patents since 2006.
At present, although the high-cost solar cell technology still needs the wealth of "time, place and people" provided by technology and time, with the upsurge of photovoltaic industry, its sub-sectors have also been positively driven.
Solar cell industry in line with the times
Although after the release of the "53 1" New Deal last year, the relevant departments stopped the new investment in ordinary ground photovoltaic power plants, increased the control of the scale of distributed photovoltaic, accelerated the progress of subsidy decline, and made the photovoltaic industry enter a relatively obvious adjustment pain period, but its prospects are still considerable.
According to the inquiry of Granhui, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in 20 18 was 44.26 million kilowatts, which was the second highest in history, second only to 20 17. Among them, centralized power stations and distributed photovoltaics increased by 23.3 million kilowatts and 20.96 million kilowatts respectively. By the end of 65,438+in February last year, the installed capacity of photovoltaic power generation in China had reached 65,438+74 million kilowatts, a year-on-year increase of 34%, including centralized power stations123.84 million kilowatts and distributed photovoltaics 50610 million kilowatts. And in 20 18, the national photovoltaic power generation177.5 billion kwh increased by 50% year-on-year, and the average utilization hours 1 15 hours increased by 37 hours year-on-year; The phenomenon of light rejection has also been optimized: in 20 18 years, the light rejection of photovoltaic power generation in China decreased by 1800 million kWh year-on-year, and the light rejection rate decreased by 2.8% year-on-year, achieving a "double decline" in light rejection and light rejection rate. In addition, it is estimated that the global photovoltaic cell production capacity will reach 175GW and 187GW in 2065 and 438+09-2020, respectively, increasing by 10.76% and 6.86% respectively. By 2022, the output of solar cell industry will reach 95GW, among which the domestic demand is strong, and it is estimated that the demand will reach 58.02GW by 2022.
"Ice and Fire" Investment in Photovoltaic Industry
However, it is worth noting that while the photovoltaic industry has undergone drastic changes, coupled with the recent cyclical off-season, the relevant listed companies have also suffered some impacts in their operations, showing a situation of "two days of ice and fire": for example, Aikangkeji (0026 10. SZ) It is estimated that the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies will increase 120.35% to 208.49% in 20 18, and Jingsheng Electromechanical (3003 16. SZ), the leader of crystal growth furnace equipment, estimated that the net profit attributable to shareholders of listed companies last year was 5.6655. On the other hand, for some companies facing losses, GCL Shenzhen Stock Exchange (002506. SZ) may face the risk of withdrawing large amounts of bad debts. Last year, its net profit was uncertain: the loss was 400 million yuan to the profit was 50 million yuan, down 17.77 times year-on-year to increase 1. 10 times; Sunshine power supply (300274. SZ), the frequency conversion faucet, the expected profit is10.50 billion yuan to10.80 billion yuan, down 1% to 26% year-on-year. In addition, Zhongli Group (002309. SZ), Ayrton (002623. SZ), Gong Jing Science and Technology (002006. SZ) and Kelin Environmental Protection (002499. SZ) and other four companies expect losses in the first quarter. Among them, Zhongli Group is a relatively large loss company, with an estimated loss of 82 million yuan to 65438.
As can be seen from the above, the relevant enterprises are still in the throes of adjustment, which also reflects the problems and trends that the photovoltaic industry, including solar cells, must face directly.
At present, looking at the photovoltaic market, the solar cell industry as a whole presents the image of overcapacity. Obviously, how to solve overcapacity has become a top priority. In fact, under the policies implemented by relevant departments, the consumption capacity of solar cells has been stimulated, and the production capacity of solar cells will also show a trend of gradual digestion.
At the same time, with the continuous progress of product technology and manufacturing technology, the integration of photovoltaic manufacturing products will be further improved, and it will gradually develop into automation, intelligence and flexibility, and its market application will present a diversified image. Based on this, looking forward to the photovoltaic market in the new year, with the continuous maturity of technology and the landing of the New Deal, its industry concentration and integration will be further enhanced.
In addition, when the domestic photovoltaic industry is changing, companies whose performance is affected by the rapid decline in the price of photovoltaic products have begun to go abroad and turn to overseas markets, but the good times are not long. On April 4th, the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) decided to launch a 337 investigation on domestic photovoltaic cells and their downstream products, during which the products exported to, imported from and sold in the United States were accused of infringing their patent rights. The request for ITC to start the 337 investigation and issue limited exclusion orders and restriction orders will involve seven China enterprises, including Jingke Energy Co., Ltd. and Longji Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd., although the US has not yet reached a clear investigation conclusion, it may have some unexpected impacts on their operations.
According to Grenhui's inquiry, Jingke Energy (NYSE code: JKS) was established in February 20 16 and landed on NYSE in May 20 10. Its business scope covers the research and development, processing, manufacturing, installation and sales of high-efficiency solar cells, modules and photovoltaic application systems, as well as the production and sales of solar raw materials and related supporting products. The annual report of 20 18 shows that the company's total shipments of 20 1 1.4 GW in solar module increased by 16.0% year-on-year, setting a new record for the whole industry. The total annual income was 25.04 billion yuan (US$ 3.64 billion); The annual operating profit was 644.9 million yuan (US$ 93.8 million), a year-on-year increase of 98.2%. The annual net profit was 406.5 million yuan (US$ 5,965,438+million), up 65,438+086.9% year-on-year; Annual gross profit margin 14.0%, up 23.9% year-on-year.
Longji Green Energy Technology Co., Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as "Longji Shares") (60 10 102. SH) was established in February 2000. The company, formerly known as Xi Anlong Silicon Materials Co., Ltd., is mainly engaged in the research and development and manufacturing of high-efficiency solar monocrystalline silicon products, as well as the research and development, manufacturing and sales of semiconductor materials, solar cells, electronic components and semiconductor equipment. 20 18 performance report shows that due to the decline of domestic demand, the price of photovoltaic products has dropped sharply, the revenue has increased by 34.38% year-on-year to 21988 million yuan, the net profit has decreased by 28.24% year-on-year to 2.558 billion yuan, and the basic earnings per share is 0.93 yuan. At present, Longji shares have suspended the rights issue and will resume trading on 17.
Conclusion:
With the acceleration of globalization, environmental problems have become a common problem facing the whole world. In order to try to curb its development trend, solar photovoltaic has entered people's field of vision and gradually become one of the mainstream forms of new energy in the future. The related photovoltaic market has also attracted the attention of many investors and related companies.
After the adjustment of photovoltaic policy last year, on the whole, with the reduction of related power generation costs, demand will begin to stabilize for a long time. In addition, the new photovoltaic policy of 20 19 has not officially landed, and the related investment in this industry has gradually returned to a rational and calm state. For the relevant photovoltaic manufacturers, it is necessary to make clear that this market has moved from a high-speed growth stage to a high-quality development stage. Among them, new photovoltaic cell products with low cost and high efficiency will become a hot spot among industries for a period of time, and major manufacturers need to closely meet the market demand according to the development scale of the existing photovoltaic industry, and improve the matching degree of products through technological innovation and cost reduction, so as to further improve the relevant industrial chains and promote the development of the photovoltaic industry.
(Article source: Ge Longhui)