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1. Colloidal particles or polymers in sol or solution are interconnected to form a spatial network structure under certain conditions, and the gaps of the structure are filled with liquid as a dispersion medium (in xerogel, it can also be gas, and xerogel is also called aerogel). This special dispersion system is called gel. No liquidity. The interior usually contains a lot of liquid. For example, the water content of blood gel and agar can reach above 99%. It can be divided into elastic gel and brittle gel. After losing the dispersion medium, the volume of elastic gel decreases obviously, and when absorbing the dispersion medium again, the volume expands again, such as gelatin. When the brittle gel loses or reabsorbs the dispersion medium, its shape and volume remain unchanged, such as silica gel. The process of forming gel from solution or sol is called gelation.
Step 2 introduce
Colloidal particles or polymers in sol or solution are interconnected to form a spatial network structure under certain conditions, and the gaps in the structure are filled with liquid (or gas in xerogel) as a dispersion medium. This special dispersion system is called gel. No liquidity. The interior usually contains a lot of liquid. For example, the water content of blood gel and agar can reach above 99%. It can be divided into elastic gel and brittle gel. After losing the dispersion medium, the volume of elastic gel decreases obviously, and when absorbing the dispersion medium again, the volume expands again, such as gelatin. When the brittle gel loses or reabsorbs the dispersion medium, its shape and volume remain unchanged, such as silica gel. The process of forming gel from solution or sol is called gelation.
Step 3 freeze
Gel refers to a mixture with a particle size of 1 angstrom to 10 angstrom. Polymer solution and some sols, under appropriate conditions, the whole system will be transformed into an elastic semi-solid viscous substance, losing fluidity. This phenomenon is called gelation, and the product formed is called gel or jelly.
"Aerogel" refers to colloid whose dispersion system is gaseous, such as clouds and fog; "liquid gel" refers to a colloid whose dispersion system is liquid, such as iron hydroxide colloid; "Solid gel" refers to a colloid whose dispersion system is solid, such as smoky crystals.