1985165438+10 In October, Microsoft launched its first Windows product-Windows1.0. At that time, Windows was not an independent operating system, but a graphical interface running in MS-DOS system, which was roughly equivalent to the Launcher on Android system. However, Windows 1.0 is much more powerful than various launchers on Android. It has many typical functions of operating system, such as its own executable file format and various drivers.
Windows 1.0 interface, I'm afraid many people dare not use it. Booting is a blue screen or something. ...
When Windows 1.0 was released, its reputation was very poor, and some people even thought it was just a poor product-the best graphical interface at that time was not Windows 1.0, G.E.M and Desqview/X were better than Windows 1.0, and the GUI developed by Apple for Macintosh was better than Windows1. Windows 1.0 didn't achieve much success. 1987 Windows 1.0 was replaced by the newly released Windows 2.0.
Windows 1.0 interface
Although Windows 1.0 suffered from waterloo, it is of great significance. Windows 1.0 is the first Microsoft product named after "Windows". This is Microsoft's first attempt in the field of graphical interface. Without Windows 1.0, there would be no Windows series in the future, and Microsoft would not have made such great achievements in the desktop field. Microsoft's technical support for Windows 1.0 didn't end until 200 1. We can also see the importance that Microsoft attaches to Windows 1.0.
Slight improvement: Windows 2.0
The performance of Windows 1.0 is not satisfactory. Two years later, Microsoft introduced an improved version of Windows 1.0-Windows 2.0. Windows 2.0 is similar to Windows 1.0, and both are GUI based on DOS. The main improvement of Windows 2.0 is the use of Intel's 286 processor, which improves the running speed and provides better support for memory and dynamic data exchange. At this time, the Wintel alliance that will dominate the user's desktop in the future has taken shape.
Wintel alliance takes shape
There are several improved versions of Windows 2.0. Windows 2.03 explores the performance of intel 386 processor, and subsequent versions have further improved in speed and stability. The graphical interface of Windows 2.0 has been enhanced, and users can finally overlay each window. The design of overlay window has been used up to now.
The startup interface of Windows 2.0 is still a blue screen.
However, the performance of Windows 2.0 is still unsatisfactory, and the lack of software makes the sales of Windows 2.0 unsatisfactory-it is hard to imagine that today's Windows actually lacks software. In addition, the relationship between Microsoft and Apple has gradually developed in the Windows 2.0 era. Apple thinks Microsoft copied their design-well, you can't count the companies that Apple accused of copying. But because Microsoft had an agreement with Apple before, this agreement allowed Microsoft to use Apple's design functions, so Microsoft won the lawsuit.
Windows 2.0 interface
The market performance of Windows 2.0 is still not ideal, but it is the pioneer of Wintel Alliance, and the doomed love between Microsoft and Apple began here. Windows 2.0 has a far-reaching impact on the future development of the industry. Like Windows 1.0, Microsoft's technical support for Windows 2.0 continued until 200 1.
The first combat power: Windows 3.0
Whether Windows 1.0 or 2.0, the performance is not satisfactory. Microsoft released Windows 3.0 in May 1990, which inherited the good support of Windows 2.0 for 286 and 368 processors, and made MS-DOS programs run on the basis of multitasking for the first time. In addition, Windows3.0 also improved the file management program, simplified the program startup, and the control panel became the center of system setup for the first time. Many familiar Windows elements today can be traced back to Windows 3.0.
The startup interface of Windows 3.0 is finally not a blue screen.
Windows 3.0 interface, windows can be superimposed.
There are several subsequent versions of Windows 3.0, such as Windows 3. 1, 1994, Windows 3.2 and so on released in March. The graphical interface of Windows 3.0 has changed a lot, and the support of TrueType font and 16 color makes the Windows system colorful. Windows 3.0 is the first successful version of Windows, and Microsoft has the strength to compete with Apple in the field of graphical interface since then.
2 Empire State Building: Windows 9× Back to the Top
Windows Revolution: Windows 95
Windows 95 is Microsoft's most influential and revolutionary Windows system. Since the release of 1995 in August, Windows 95 has spread all over the world, making Microsoft's genes deeply rooted in every corner of the world. Windows 95 is the first Windows system widely used by government, scientific research, enterprises and individual users. Since then, people all over the world miss Microsoft-even if you go out to withdraw money, ATM runs Windows. Do you want to swipe your card? Sorry, the POS machine is running Windows CE of Windows 95.
Windows 95 startup interface, blue sky and white clouds are really the tears of the times.
The success of Windows 95 is inseparable from Microsoft's far-sighted vision, bold and innovative spirit and strong technical strength. Windows 95 is Microsoft's first 32-bit Windows system-even today, many friends' computers are still running 32-bit Windows systems. Microsoft has imported a lot of new technologies into Windows 95, giving up its support for 16-bit CPU. You can think for yourself what a magnificent scene it would be if Microsoft dared to give up its support for 32-bit processors in the Windows XP era-this magnificent scene appeared in the 1990s, when a large number of 286 processors were shot by Windows 95, which could only run on 386 or higher processors.
Windows 95 is the most revolutionary and successful product of Microsoft.
In Windows 95, the start menu also appeared for the first time. Since then, the start menu has almost become synonymous with Windows. Whether it is the desktop version of Windows or the mobile version of Windows Mobile, the start menu is vivid as the emblem of Windows. The start menu didn't bid farewell to the historical stage until this year, and Windows 8 UI, which is more suitable for touch operation, replaced the start menu. However, people's obsession with the start menu is beyond Microsoft's imagination. For more than ten years, the start menu has controlled the hand movements of every Windows user. This feeling does not mean that there is nothing left. So people developed the start menu software on the Windows 8 platform, a start menu, which can actually make a modest market and feed many people in the Windows 8 era.
In Windows 95, the start menu first appeared.
Since Windows 95, Microsoft has become the dominant player in the desktop field. Microsoft has been defeated in the desktop field for more than ten years until now.
Ruling the Family: Windows 98
I believe many netizens regard Windows 98 as their first computer. Even if they don't have a computer, the operating system they met at the Internet cafe for the first time is probably Windows 98. Microsoft released Windows 98 system in June 1998, which is the first Windows system specially designed for ordinary home users. Microsoft realized that PC is gradually becoming the most common appliance in the home. Computers are no longer just tools in professional fields, but also the axis of personal work and family entertainment.
The startup interface of Windows 98 is similar to that of Windows 95.
Windows 98 truly embodies Microsoft's design concept for home users, and its entertainment function exceeds that of any contemporary computer product. Good support for MMX instruction set makes Windows 98 have video performance no less than that of DVD player, and the addition of AGP interface makes graphics card a standard for gamers. In addition, Windows 98 also improved the multi-task mechanism, and the background execution mechanism greatly increased the practicality of multi-task.
Windows 98 is the first Windows system that many people come into contact with.
In Windows 98, USB, DVD-ROM, multi-channel 5. 1 and other elements that are still widely used today have been supported and popularized for the first time. Most notably, in Windows 98, IE browser began to show great power, and many people's first Internet portal was IE 4.0 integrated with Windows 98. In the same year that Windows 98 was released, Netscape, Microsoft's main competitor in the browser market, was acquired by AOL. Since then, IE has become the big brother in the browser market-until today, IE can still stand firm under the joint attack of Mozilla and Google.
At the same time, Windows 98 is the last Windows based on DOS. In the complex application environment of the new era, DOS has shown its old state —— Windows 98, which combines 16-bit and 32-bit operating environment, is easy to find in blue screen of death, which is also the most criticized place of Windows 9×.
3 Gorgeous Turn: Windows 2000 Return to the Peak
How to turn it up as high as possible without NT: Windows 2000?
In fact, Windows 2000 is not the successor of Windows 98. In September 2000, Microsoft released the true descendant of Windows 98 and the last Windows system Windows Me based on DOS.
Windows ME, just looks beautiful and hurts to use.
Windows Me has added many new functions, such as Windows Media Player and MSN, but the DOS kernel is really overwhelmed. The frequent downtime of Windows Me made Microsoft criticized. But people immediately found that no matter how much you scold Microsoft, Microsoft always smiles.
Is Microsoft shaking M? Obviously not. It was soon discovered that Windows 2000, which was released by Microsoft in the same year and aimed at enterprise users, was far more user-friendly and stable than Windows Me. Microsoft's calmness has a card, Windows Me can't, and Windows 2000 can support it. Anyway, no one will have the strength to grab more than 90% of the market share of Windows at this juncture-the absolute overlord of the desktop operating market is the capital for making mistakes.
Windows 2000 played an important role in Microsoft's transition to NT core.
Windows 2000 uses the Windows NT kernel. In the previous Windows, Windows 1.×-3.× was just a GUI of DOS, and Windows 9× was an operating system based on DOS, which could not be separated from DOS. However, the design concept of DOS itself has fallen far behind the times, so it is necessary for Microsoft to replace Windows with a new engine-Windows NT.
The history of Windows NT can be traced back to 1980s, when Microsoft and IBM jointly developed OS/2 NT system. Although OS/2 NT didn't succeed, Microsoft developed Windows NT with OS/2 NT. 1988 Microsoft began to develop Windows NT, 1993 released Windows NT 3. 1 for server. Since then, Windows NT has appeared in front of people.
Although IBM continued to develop OS/2, it was defeated in the competition with Windows.
The emergence of Windows NT is inseparable from IBM, but IBM does not have the market power of Microsoft. The appearance of Windows graphical interface is inseparable from Apple, but Apple is more like a design company than an IT company. Microsoft absorbed the essence of IBM and Apple and grew into a towering tree.
Windows 2000 uses the core of Windows NT 5.0, which has a more profound change than previous generations of Windows. Windows 2000 updated Windows Explorer and used NTFS file system, which has better support for languages in various regions. Compared with the previous generation, the architecture of Windows 2000 has changed dramatically. The system is divided into user mode and kernel mode, and user programs can only access some system resources, which greatly enhances the stability of Windows kernel. Compared with Windows Me with frequent blue screen, people have turned to the embrace of Windows 2000.
Windows 2000 login interface, now many financial devices such as ATM machines are still using Windows 2000.
Windows 2000 is a future-oriented operating system. Since Windows 2000, the kernel of desktop Windows system is Windows NT. Windows is equipped with a new engine, moving towards a more profound galaxy and ocean.
4 days, the right time, the right place and the right people: Windows XP returns to the peak.
You can fight for another ten years: Windows XP.
As for Windows XP, I think you may be more familiar with it than I am. Until now, Windows XP is still the desktop operating system with the highest market share in China, and many people have used it for ten years. The author has bid farewell to Windows XP in Windows Vista era. But I can often see XP's beautiful blue sky, white clouds and green grass outside my personal computer.
The humanistic tone in the refrigerator, the blue sky, white clouds and green grass of Windows XP are eternal classics.
Windows XP was released in August, 20001year, using Windows NT 5. 1 kernel. In fact, its kernel has not changed much compared with Windows NT 5.0 of Windows 2000-it can't be changed after only one year. However, the graphical interface of Windows XP is completely new. If Windows 2000 is just a spaceship with a new engine but a new Windows 9× skin, then Windows XP is a brand-new flagship of Microsoft.
The graphical interface of Windows XP has changed a lot.
Windows XP has greatly improved the graphical interface. You know, individual users don't want to face the gray screen all day. People's mood should be as bright as the sky. Many features of Windows NT can provide an entrance in the redesigned interface, such as driver rollback and system restore. The introduction of ClearType font rendering mechanism makes fonts in LCD more readable. Starting from Windows XP, Windows systems began to use GPU to enhance the visual effects of the system, and visual elements such as translucency and shadows began to appear in Windows systems.
After beautification, Windows XP looks like a modern system.
There is no doubt that the user experience brought by Windows XP is quite shocking. For ordinary users, how many improvements has Microsoft made in the kernel? Sorry, I can't see, I don't understand and I don't care. However, if the graphical interface has undergone tremendous changes, the vision is more pleasant, the operation is simpler, and the function is more intimate, which will give ordinary people the feeling of this bunker. AE86 is equipped with a racing engine and looks like a tofu truck, which is one of the reasons why Windows XP is far more popular than Windows 2000.
In addition, Windows XP has always been a gift brought by the development of the times, and its timing is very clever-when Windows XP first appeared, its compatibility problems and greatly increased hardware requirements were very prominent, but this is not important. At 200 1, computers were not even sold in the food market as they are today. The era of a computer is still far away, and the negative impact brought by XP has not covered many people.
But by the end of 2002, Windows XP SP 1 was released, and the PC market began to explode. All the systems pre-installed in new computers were XP. This year, the software and hardware manufacturers followed up, which solved the compatibility problem of XP software and hardware to a great extent, and the computer hardware also underwent an update, and its performance was greatly enhanced. At this point, XP has become a perfect operating system-fast, stable, compatible, beautiful and easy to use. It is at this time that many people first came into contact with XP, which is unreasonable.
XP has even invaded Apple's absolute field, showing its popularity.
Windows XP has achieved great success, which can be described as the right place at the right time: Microsoft laid a deep technical foundation for Windows XP in the previous generation, and the redesigned interface made XP very popular; XP, however, was born in the gap between the old and the new era, and its negative impact on the problems of incompatibility between software and hardware and high hardware requirements was minimized. Since then, Windows has not been so lucky. The pain caused by the replacement of Vista made Microsoft once weak as if it had come to an end. Windows 7 made Vista a a successful cannon fodder.
5 beyond the times: Windows Vista returns to its peak.
Bad timing: Windows Vista
If the author says that Windows Vista is actually an excellent system, it is estimated that many people will criticize me. Yes, in the impression of many people, Vista is slow and stupid, not only the hardware speed is low, but also the compatibility of various software and hardware is very problematic. This is mainly because Windows Vista has changed a lot compared with its predecessor Windows XP.
Behind the gorgeous aurora of Windows Vista, there is an unknown spectacle.
Windows Vista was launched at the end of 2006 and the beginning of 2007, more than five years before the birth of Windows XP. You know, it took only one year for Microsoft to go from Windows 2000 to Windows XP, while Microsoft prepared for Windows Vista for five years. The workload is not small.
Windows Vista has undergone earth-shaking changes compared with XP.
The first big change in Windows Vista is the replacement of the system kernel, from NT 5.0 of Windows XP to NT 6.0. This big change directly makes many old software and hardware run wrong on the new Windows, and also directly makes Windows Vista difficult to be accepted by old users.
As mentioned earlier, in the era of Windows XP, personal computers have been greatly improved. Although the compatibility problems caused by Vista are no different from those caused by XP, the compatibility problems caused by Vista are far from those caused by XP because PCs are more popular than before. People have long relied on the convenience brought by PC in their life and work. Changing from XP to Vista means that people need to adapt to new platforms and new software, which is too expensive.
Vista compatibility issues are unacceptable.
Vista replaces the more advanced Windows NT 6.0 kernel, which requires much more hardware than XP. When Vista was introduced, mainstream PCs were equipped with single-core CPU and 5 12M RAM, but in practice, 1G RAM was not enough to run Vista smoothly. Although this situation is similar to that when XP was first introduced, the problem is naturally much bigger because people already have too many computers. For Vista, memory manufacturers greatly increased the capacity of memory, which directly led to the subsequent memory diving. If it really goes back, Vista has something to do with the collapse of memory granule manufacturers such as Mengda and Elpida.
Compatibility and high configuration requirements are two major problems that Vista cannot accept, but in fact, if you have enough hardware and appropriate software, Vista is not bad. Vista has improved the memory management mechanism (which is also a big reason why Vista eats memory). I/O efficiency of the system far exceeds XP, and the problem of memory leakage has been greatly improved. Vista introduced the Aero interface, and the whole graphical interface became more modern. Aiming at the security problem of XP, Vista hides the super administrator account, and through UAC control system interface, the security is greatly enhanced, but it also leads to the decline of user experience.
UAC greatly enhances security, but it is also annoying. UAC's experience on Win7 has improved.
Vista has countless improvements, such as the new black font, the introduction of search index, the construction of WDM audio system, the innovation of resource manager, the intelligence of network management, and the better 32-bit running environment of x64 ... Compatibility and performance problems keep most users out, and Vista has no chance to show its beauty to people. Fortunately, Microsoft's efforts were not in vain, and everything paid off in Windows 7.
6 Now and Future: Windows 7/8 is back at its peak.
Impeccable: Windows 7
In many people's minds, Windows 7 is a perfect desktop operating system-it is fast, efficient, easy to use, powerful, stable and highly supported. After Microsoft released Windows 7 at the end of 2009, it is difficult for us to hear negative comments about Windows 7 in the media and users.
Everyone loves Windows 7.
As mentioned earlier, Windows Vista replaced the new Windows NT 6.0 kernel and introduced the Aero interface, which brought many improvements-all of which were inherited in Windows 7. Windows 7 uses the Windows NT 6. 1 kernel. Compared with Windows NT 6.0 used in Windows Vista, the kernel has only been slightly optimized without major changes, which makes there no serious compatibility problem between Windows 7 and Windows Vista.
In fact, Windows 7 is just a vest for Vista.
When Windows 7 was released, it was three years after the birth of Windows Vista. Great changes have taken place in people's personal computers in these three years. Dual-core CPU and 2G memory have become standard. In the past three years, Microsoft has actively cooperated with software and hardware manufacturers, and the new version of software and hardware has supported Windows NT 6. At this time, as long as you use a mainstream PC, there is no pressure to run Vista, not to mention Windows 7, which saves more resources than Vista-Windows 7 is also the first Windows system that saves more resources than the previous generation.
It is found that Windows 7 runs very fast on the computer, and it seems that there is no software and hardware compatibility problem with XP (in fact, because the latest versions of these software and hardware are already compatible with Windows NT 5.×/6.×, and there will be no compatibility problem with Vista), not to mention that Windows 7 has an XP mode. So people began to be willing to change Windows 7. With the increase of using time, they found that many new functions in Windows 7 are very easy to use, such as powerful search function, convenient resource manager and library, and simple internet settings. These existing functions in Vista can all be used in Windows 7, and gold should always shine.
Windows 7 retains the excellent features of Vista, and the addition of Aero Snap and Super Taskbar makes the operation more user-friendly.
In addition, Windows 7 has made many improvements compared with Windows Vissta. Windows 7 optimizes disk performance and adds SSD Trim support. In terms of graphical interface, Windows 7' s super taskbar and Aero Snap function are very popular, and the feeling of manipulating transparent glass with the mouse is really wonderful. If you are used to using XP and Windows 7 at the same time, it is hard to imagine that you don't choose Windows 7 as the main system. With Windows 7, Microsoft will fight alone in the field of desktop operating system for a long time to come.
Revolution Facing New Challenges: Windows 8
Just as PCs are slowly entering people's lives, tablet computers are gradually eroding the PC market. Windows 7 is an excellent personal desktop operating system, but it is not suitable for touch. Windows 8 is the revolution made by Microsoft in the face of new changes. However, behind the Windows 8 revolution, there is also a glorious inheritance of the previous generation of Windows-Windows 8 uses the Windows NT 6.2 kernel, which is in the same strain as Vista and Windows 7, and there is no big problem in compatibility. In addition, Windows 8 requires less hardware than Windows 7, which is the second Windows system in Microsoft that saves more resources than the last one.