(A) the development process
The accelerator of scientific and technological enterprises has been developed in China for less than ten years, and its development process can be divided into the following two stages: (1) the exploration period from 2000 to 2006. Dakang Enterprise Accelerator Co., Ltd., the first accelerator in China, was established in April 2000. In April, 20001year, Beijing Zhongguancun yongfeng industrial base development co., ltd began to build the accelerator for science and technology enterprises. Relevant parties in Tianjin, Dalian and other cities also explored earlier. (2) National pilot period from 2007 to 2009. Since August 2007, the Torch Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology has successively identified the accelerators of scientific and technological enterprises in Beijing Zhongguancun Yongfeng Industrial Base Development Co., Ltd., Shenzhen High-tech Zone, wuxi new district and xi 'an High-tech Zone as national pilots. During this period, Changchun High-tech Zone, Guangzhou Development Zone Science City, Xiamen Torch High-tech Zone, Qingdao High-tech Zone, Dalian High-tech Zone, Shanghai caohejing Development Zone, Jiangsu Jiangyin Economic and Technological Development Zone, etc. There is a technology enterprise accelerator.
(2) Construction method
The accelerator construction of scientific and technological enterprises basically relies on the construction of high-tech industrial development zones, university science parks and economic and technological development zones. As far as investors are concerned, for example, Beijing Zhongguancun Yongfeng Industrial Base Development Co., Ltd. was established on 200 1 by Beijing Haidian Science Park Construction Co., Ltd. and Beijing Urban Construction Group Co., Ltd., and the accelerator of science and technology enterprises in Xi 'an Chang 'an High-tech Zone was built by Xi 'an High-tech Zone Pioneer Park Development Center. The Science and Technology Enterprise Accelerator in Guangming Science Park of Shenzhen High-tech Zone, the Science Enterprise Accelerator in caohejing Development Zone and the Science City in Guangzhou Development Zone were developed and built by two or more state-owned investors respectively. Since most of these accelerators began to operate after 2007, hardware construction is the main task at this stage, and supporting services are developing rapidly. For example, Yongfeng Accelerator, as the pioneer of accelerator, has completed a total of 680,000 square meters from 200 1 development to the end of 2008, and enterprises began to settle in around 2005; The accelerator project of technology enterprises in Guangming Science Park of Shenzhen High-tech Zone was officially launched in May 2008. The first phase of the project has a total construction area of 93,600 square meters and was put into use in 2009.
(3) Mode of operation
Taking Yongfeng Industrial Base in Zhongguancun, Beijing as an example, many scholars have comprehensively analyzed the physical space, acceleration environment, industrial cluster construction, service system, access standards and exit mechanism of enterprise accelerators, and think that the service system of modern enterprise accelerators includes "three guarantees, four platforms and five types of services". One of the guarantees is to provide an open and rapidly expanding space, the other is to provide high-quality and high value-added supporting facilities and services, and the third is to provide preferential and far-sighted policy services; The four platforms include market network platform, technical support platform, large-scale financing platform and high-end human resources platform; Five types of services include all-round business services, pioneering exhibition services, in-depth financial and legal services, cooperative consulting services and customized interactive information services. This is the latest summary of the accelerator operation mode of science and technology enterprises. Tsinghua University Pioneer Park closely combines Tsinghua University's scientific and technological achievements, venture capital, incubator services and accelerator services, and has cultivated more than 200 small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises. Shenzhen High-tech Zone will build software and information service accelerators, biotechnology accelerators and photoelectron accelerators to realize the development of accelerators in specialization, park and cluster.
(4) Operational performance
After nearly ten years' development, the science and technology enterprise accelerator has attracted a large number of enterprises to settle in and developed rapidly. For example, by the end of 2008, Yongfeng Industrial Base had attracted more than 30 enterprises such as Antai Technology and Aerospace Times Electronics/kloc-0. In 2008, the enterprises settled in the base realized a total industrial output value of about 5.2 billion yuan and paid taxes and fees of about 350 million yuan. There are 26 high-growth enterprises, such as Global Navigation, Bosch Electromechanical, Yuneng Power Technology, etc. In the Science and Technology Enterprise Accelerator in caohejing Development Zone, the annual sales exceeded 654.38 billion yuan, and the annual sales and profits increased by more than 30%, occupying 45,000 square meters of acceleration space. Tsinghua Pioneer Park, Jiangyin Economic and Technological Development Zone Accelerator and other achievements are also good. There are also a number of potential enterprises in accelerators. For example, the laser display technology and industrialization developed by Zhong Shi Zhongke Optoelectronic Technology Co., Ltd., which settled in Yongfeng Base of Zhongguancun, are leading in the world and have great development potential. The digital video products of Beijing Digital Video Technology Co., Ltd. have absolute competitive advantages in China. There are a number of listed companies at home and abroad, such as Sohu, in the accelerator of Tsinghua Pioneer Park, and 20 "quasi-diamond enterprises" with international and domestic cutting-edge technology or huge development potential are selected from more than 200 small and medium-sized scientific and technological enterprises as the key acceleration targets.
Although the development of domestic enterprise accelerator is in the primary stage, it is an important part of China Torch Plan. According to foreign experience, it plays an important role in promoting economic structure upgrading and regional economic development. One of the purposes of the torch plan is to accelerate the development of high-tech industries and accelerate the transformation and upgrading of traditional industries.