1. What are the financial institutions?
First, the central bank. The central bank in China is the People's Bank of China. The central bank has the privilege of centralizing and monopolizing currency issuance, implements monetary and financial policies on behalf of the country, and occupies a dominant position in the entire financial system.
The second category is banking financial institutions. Including policy banks, commercial banks, rural banks, rural credit cooperatives and urban credit cooperatives. In the financial system, banks mainly play the role of credit intermediary, that is, through the creditor's rights business, all kinds of idle money of individuals and groups in society are concentrated, so that these idle money can be concentrated in banks, and then invested in various fields of social economy through the bank's asset business to promote social and economic development.
The third category is non-bank financial institutions. Non-bank financial institutions mainly refer to financial institutions that raise funds by issuing bonds, stocks or providing insurance for customers, and use the raised funds for entity investment or long-term investment. Non-bank financial institutions mainly include state-owned and joint-stock insurance companies, securities companies, finance companies, trust companies and third-party wealth management companies.
The fourth category is foreign-funded, overseas Chinese-funded and Sino-foreign joint venture financial institutions established in China. These institutions play an important supplementary role in the financial system and are an indispensable part of the financial system.
Second, financial institutions refer to financial intermediaries engaged in financial services, which are part of the financial system, and financial services (banks, securities, insurance, trusts, funds and other industries) are corresponding.
Financial intermediaries also include banks, securities companies, insurance companies, trust and investment companies and fund management companies. At the same time, it also refers to lending institutions, which provide loans to companies with financial turnover to customers. The interest rate is relatively higher than that of banks, but it is more convenient for customers to borrow because they do not need complicated documents to prove it.